THE ORGANS OF DIGESTION. 145 



his, PI. XXI. f. 12.). J. Miiller observed such granulated 

 salivary glands in Phasma ; Treviranus in Apis ; and I 

 have found them in Locusla, Gry/lns, and Termes. 

 B. The salivary vessels which do not empty themselves into the 

 mouth, but into the commencement of the stomach. These we 

 have already partially described, in treating of the stomach 

 ( 105), as short or long bags, which were either simple or fur- 

 nished with processes (Buprestis} other forms, as well as those 

 just cited, are found chiefly among the Diptera. 



1 . As two capitate tubes, in the free ends of which many delicate 



vessels open, we perceive them in Hemerofrius perla (PI. 

 XXII. f. 4). 



2. As two short processes of the same width as the stomach, in 



Leptis (PI. XXII. f. 6. a, a,) and Acheta. 



3. As two bags covered entirely with short blind processes in 



Bombylius (PI. XXII. f. 7.) and Buprestis ( 105). 



4. As triangular processes, each edge of which is occupied by a 



row of vesicles in Chrysotoxum (PI. XXII. f. 8). 



5. As six narrow tubes, which surround the commencement of 



the stomach in Gryllus (PI. XXI. f. 1 and 6). 



6. We also consider the blind processes which clothe the stomach 



in the predaceous beetles among the salivary vessels. 



Salivary vessels which open into the mouth are found in all the 

 haustellate and in many mandibulate insects which feed upon hard sub- 

 stances. Ramdohr was the first to observe them amongst the beetles 

 in Cryptorhynchus Lapathi. In this insect he found a long twisted 

 vessel, which opened into the mouth, which is indeed contrary to all 

 analogy, for the salivary vessels are elsewhere found in pairs. Leon 

 Dufour subsequently discovered salivary vessels in many Heteromera, 

 viz., (Edemera, Mycterus, Mordella, &c. I have found them of the 

 above form among the Orthoptera, in Locusta, and Gryllus, and among 

 the Dictyotoptera in Termes. Among the Neuroptera, Hemerobius 

 and Phryganea exhibit salivary organs. 



The salivary organs which empty themselves into the stomach are 

 found among the beetles, especially in those which devour flesh and 

 wood ; and in those Orlhoptera also which feed upon hard vegetable 

 matter, and in the Diptera, among the Syrphodea, which consume 

 the nectar of flowers, and probably also their pollen. Among the 

 grasshoppers we occasionally find both kinds of salivary organs. 



L 



