86 THE COAL MEASURES AMPHIBIA OF NORTH AMERICA. 



among the different species. The squamosal is quite large and the supratemporal 

 is not always closely joined to the parietal. The species are: 



Tuditanus punctulatus Cope, Linton, Ohio. 

 brevirostris Cope, Linton, Ohio. 

 longipes Cope, Linton, Ohio. 

 minimus Moodie, Cannelton, Pennsylvania. 

 walcotti Moodie, Linton, Ohio. 



Tuditanus punctulatus Cope. 



COPE, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., xv, p. 271, 1874. 



COPE, Gcol. Rurv. Ohio, n, pt. n, p. 392, pi. xxxiv, fig. I, 1875. 



Type: Specimen No. no, American Museum of Natural History, where there 

 is also specimen No. 1 1 1 . 



Horizon and locality: Linton, Ohio, Coal Measures. 



This species, together with the form, T. brevirostris, describedonp. 88, was used by 

 Cope as the type of the genus Tuditanus. Cope subsequently associated some rep- 

 tilian remains from the Linton mines with the type of T. punctulatus and changed 

 the generic term to Isodectes, which was known by another species, I.megalops Cope, 

 from the Permian of Texas. The remains associated by Cope with I. me gal ops 

 undoubtedly represent a reptilian species and which has been described elsewhere 

 under the name Eosanravns copei Williston. The species is of exceeding interest 

 because it is the oldest known reptile and places the range of the Reptilia clown 

 towards the base of the Pennsylvanian. 



The species Tnditanns punctulatus Cope was founded on well-preserved remains 

 of nearly the entire skeleton of a single individual. The bones are represented by 

 shining carbonaceous matter, and since both of the slabs containing the impression 

 were preserved, a great many characters have been determined. The head, i fore- 

 limb, and 23 consecutive vertebrae with ribs are well denned, but of the pelvis 

 and hind limbs nothing is visible. 



The cranium (fig. 19) is very similar to that of T. minimus, from the Cannelton, 

 Pennsylvania, slates. It is triangular in shape, with a narrowed obtuse muzzle. 

 The orbit of the left side is well defined and lies well forward. It is oval in outline 

 and its width is about two-thirds of its length. The nostrils are small and are 

 located well toward the tip of the muzzle. The parietal foramen lies behind the 

 median transverse line which divides the skull equally. 



The cranial elements are for the most part destroyed, but the outlines of a few 

 can be determined. Those elements which are preserved are ornamented with a 

 sculpturing of minute punctulations which, on the postf rental, assumes a radiating 

 arrangement. The ornamentation of the other elements consists of inosculating 

 pits, but they seldom assume the form of ridges or grooves. The bones of the 

 premaxillary region of the cranium are lacking. The first element which can be 

 detected is the pref rental, which occupies a position in front of the orbit. There 

 seems to be space for a lacrimal, but its outline is not distinct. The frontal can be 

 readily separated and is seen to be an elongate element occupying the median region 



