806 



Table XVIII. 



The Relation between the 



AND THE SiZ 



AMERICAS' MEN OF SCIENCE 



!iZES OF Families of the Parents of Scientific Men 

 OF THEIR Own Families 



1, 2, 3 



Under 50 



Size of family . 



50-59 



Size of family . 



Above 59 



Size of family . 



94 

 1.69 



74 

 2.35 



43 

 2.60 



size of Parents Families 



I 5. G 7. 8, 9 



37 

 1.81 



33 

 2.69 



31 

 2.48 



10, 11, 12 



Total or Av. 



12 

 2.41 



5 

 2.60 



4 

 4.00 



253 

 1.88 



205 

 2.32 



139 

 2.70 



No of families 



Av. size of families 



211 



2.11 .11 



\2 .07 



101 

 2.30 



.13 



21 

 2.76 .29 



597 

 2.22 db .06 



with their distinction, and the size of the 

 faiuilj^ from which they came and which 



Table XIX, The Standing of Scientific Men 

 and the Size of Family 



II 



in 



IV 



shown a slight positive correlation betw 

 the number of brothers and sisters and 

 number of children. Thus when a 

 comes from a family of 1, 2 or 3 childr 

 his family averages 2.1, and as the size 

 the family from which he comes increa 

 by groups of three, his own family 

 creases to 2.2, 2.3 and 2.8. The proba 

 errors show that the figures have a limid 

 validity. The differences, however, ml 

 be due to the decreasing size of family, t 

 older scientific men having larger famil: 



from families which we they have is given for each degree of dis 



and coming 



larger because they were earlier 



The 



Parents family 

 No. of families 

 Average size . . 



Own family 

 No. of families 

 Average size . . 



71 162 530 141 

 4.73 4.59 4.69 4.45 



49 111 

 2.50 2.17 



298 

 2.14 



96 

 2.39 



Total 

 or Av. 



904 

 4.64 



554 

 2.22 



tinction. The most distinguished group 



heritance of physiological fertility woul (I. in the table) came from families of the 



depend partly and perhaps chiefly on tl average size of 4.7 and have families of 



female, and the size of the modern sm;i the average size of 2.5, in both cases above 



family is determined in the main by socil the a.verage. The eminent man is slightly 



and psychological causes. If the data heimore likely to have more brothers and 



given were valid, they would show a sligljsisters and appreciably more likely to 



correlation of fecundity in successive geifliave more children than his colleagues. 



erations and a slight selective death ratp^he most eminent group is, however, about 



against the larger family, which aboitive years older than the others, and this 



balance each other. These conditions arlbout accounts for their larger families, 



those which must obtain in a state of najo rapid has been the decline in the birth 



ture, for unless there is a change in thfete. The lack of correlation between the 



environment, the number of individuallistinction of a scientific man and the size 



of a species can not considerably increasef his parents' family may be due to a 



and if they regularly decrease it will bdmbination of causes. On the one hand, 



exterminated. The relations which obtaiiie only child or the child from a small 



the families of scientific men are, how-lmily may be more likely to have edu- 



ir, probably due entirely to the decreas-fcional opportunities or inherited wealth ; 



g death rates and birth rates of the pasti tlie other hand, he may have inferior 



in 



ever 



in 



seventy-five years. hedity and opportunity fof forming 



In Table XIX. the scientific men arekracter. 

 divided into four groups in accordance phe conditions are similar for scientific 



