262 THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



erred in that he relied too much on his own deductions, and did not 

 sufficiently appreciate the importance of verifying them by experiment 

 and close observation. Thus it came about, as Karl Midler has re- 

 marked, that he has given us, in his works, " a diversified mixture of 

 philosophical prepossession, jejune observation, and fanciful descrip- 

 tion. Nevertheless, despite his peculiar weaknesses, his followers rec- 

 ognize him as a reformer of botany, and allot him a permanent and 

 eminent place in the history of that science." 



Schleiden's works are numerous ; we will mention " Grundziige der 

 wissenschaftlichen Botanik" (two vols., Leipsic, 1842-'43) ("Elements 

 of Scientific Botany"), fourth edition 1861, translated into English 

 by Dr. Lankester, London, 1849 ; " Die Pflanz und ihr Leben " 

 (" The Plant and its Life"), sixth edition, Leipsic, 1864, translated by 

 Professor Henfrey, London, 1848 ; "Handbuch der medicinisch phar- 

 maceutischen Botanik" ("Manual of Medicinal Pharmaceutical Bot- 

 any"), (Leipsic, 1852) ; "Studien" ("Studies"), (second edition 1857); 

 " Handbuch der botanischen Pharmakognosie " (" Manual of Botanical 

 Pharmacology"), (Leipsic, 1857) ; "Die Landenge von Suez" ("The 

 Isthmus of Suez "), (1858) ; " Zur Theorie des Erkennens durch den 

 Gesichtssinn " ("Additions to the Theory of Determination by the 

 Sense of Sight"), (Leipsic, 1861) ; " Geognostische Beschreibung des 

 Saalthals bei Jena " (" Geognostic Description of the Valley of the 

 Saal at Jena"), (Leipsic, 1846) ; "Beitrage zur Botanik" ("Additions 

 to Botany) ; " Pflanzen und Thierphysiologie in Encyklopadie der 

 theoretischen Naturwissensckaf t " (" Physiology of Plants and Ani- 

 mals in Encyclopaedia for Theoretical Natural Philosophy "), (Braun- 

 schweig, 1850) ; "Gedichte" (pseudonym "Ernst"), ("Poems") (nom 

 deplume "Ernst "), 1858; " Das Meer " (" The Ocean "), (Berlin, 1865); 

 "Baum und Wald " ("Tree and Forest "), (1870) ; "Uber den Ma- 

 terialismus der neueren deutschen Naturwissenschaf t " (" Materialism 

 in Modern German Natural Philosophy ") ; " Die Bedeutung der Juden 

 fiir die Erhaltung und Wiederbelebung der "Wissenschaften im Mit- 

 telalter " (" The Signification of the Jews in the Conservation and Re- 

 vival of the Sciences in the Middle Ages ") a work demonstrating 

 the high degree of culture maintained by the Jews, even during the 

 darkest periods of history, and the important part they had in the 

 development of science and letters in Christendom (1877) ; "Die 

 Romantik des Martyriums bei den Juden im Mittelalter " (" The 

 Romance of the Jewish Martyrology of the Middle Ages "), (Leij^sic, 

 1878). 



