Ma* ], 18GC] 



H A R D W I C K E ' S SCIENCE-GOSSIP. 



Ill 



in winter. We learn from Demidoff that "it is 

 spread over all the gardens in South Russia, gene- 

 rally disappearing in the middle of winter for a few 

 months. Its favourite food is the nut of Meagnus 

 loiijiidifolia. In autumn it sometimes makes its 

 appearance along with Bombycilla garrula." 



The Hawfinch was met with by Radde and 

 Middendorf in Siberia, and by Schrenk in Amoor- 

 land ; and in Japan is represented by the Cocco- 

 tkraustes vulgaris japonicus of Temminck' and 

 Schlegel, which at the best can only be considered 

 a race of the common bird. Mr. Gould says that 

 Chinese specimens in his collection are precisely 

 similar to European birds. It is not found in 

 India. R. B. Sharpe. 



ULOTHRIX. 



e i 





J 



Fig. 110. Ulcthrix. 



rriHIS is a genus of confervoid algse of somewhat 

 ■* common occurrence in clear ponds and running 

 water, in which they appear like long streaming 

 green threads attached to stones, &c. 



The filaments consist apparently of one long 

 enveloping cell, containing shorter cells filled with 



pale-coloured chlorophyll, in which there occur 

 grains of a denser colour. The green contents 

 seem at first to adhere to the outer cell-wall ; but 

 in the growth of the plant they become detached, 

 and each obtains its own cell-wall (fig. h). Eig. a 

 shows a young filament in which the cells are 

 clearly seen to increase by cell division (a). In 

 mature plants the chlorophyll granules appear to 

 increase in numbers {b), and the contents of the 

 cell fall to one side, and divide at first into four (c), 

 then into eight portions (d, e), which are at length 

 converted into ciliated zoospores (g), and escape 

 from the cell by the rupture of its wall. 



In another species (0 the contents are converted 

 only into four zoospores. These, after moving 

 rapidly about in the water for a time, become 

 slightly elongated sideways, having two nuclei (j). 

 They then attach themselves to some other body, 

 lose their cilia, and begin to grow. The stages of 

 one day's growth are shown at (£), and of two days' 



growth at (/). 



J. S. Tute. 



COLLECTING BOTTLES. 



Fig. 111. 



T~N bygone days the insect-hunter was recom- 

 -*■ mended to carry with him a bottle (small, of 

 course) of whisky or other strong spirit in which to 

 stupify and drown his coleoptera, whilst his lepi- 

 doptera were to be tortured to death with the 

 fumes of burning brimstone. These rough methods 

 of treatment, so unpleasant to the true naturalist, 



