HUMAN CRANIA. 



51 



parietal aad two halves of the frontal boaes ; proportion between 

 length of head and height of face as 7 to 5 ; proportion between 

 cranial and facial halves of the occipito-mental diameter as 4^ to 

 5 ; attachment for the temporal muscle large ; zygomatic fossae 

 deep and capacious j mastoid processes thick and prominent j gle- 



Lateral view of Cranium. Front view of same. 



BsKtMO (1558). 

 (^From Dr. Kands First Artie Voyage.) 



noid cavity capacious, and adapted to considerable lateral motion 

 of the condyles ; forehead flat and receding ; occiput full and sa- 

 lient ; face broad and lozenge-shaped, the greatest breadth being 

 just below the orbits ; malar bones broad, high, and prominent, the 

 external surface looking antero-laterally ; orbits large and straight ; 

 zygomatic arches massive and widely separated ; length of the face 

 one inch less than the breadth ; nasal bones flat, narrow, and united 

 at an obtuse angle, sometimes lying in the same plane as the naso- 

 maxillary processes ; superior maxilla massive and prognathous, 

 its anterior surface flat and smooth, superior alveolar margin oval ; 

 inferior margin of anterior nares flat, smooth, inclining forwards 

 and downwards ; inferior maxilla large, long, and triangular ; semi- 

 lunar notch quite shallow; angles of the jaw flared out, and chin 

 prominent ; teeth large, and worn in such a manner as to present, 

 in the upper jaw, an inclination from without inwards, upwards, 

 and laterally, and in the lower jaw, just the reverse ; antero-pos- 

 terior diameter of cuspids greater than the transverse ; configuration 

 of the basis cranii triangular, with the base of the triangle forward 

 between the zygomae, the truncated apex looking posteriorly ; 

 breadth of base about one-half the length ; shape of foramen mag- 



