74 CATALOGUE OP 



Casanova my suspicion that these were not recent crania, inasmuch 

 as they had yet adhering to them some shreds of a peculiar mummy- 

 cloth common in the old cemeteries of Peru and Chili, at the same 

 time that they bore unequivocal evidences of long inhumation. 

 Dr. Casanova, however, could not suppose that he had been de- 

 ceived by his agent, and I therefore published the circumstances as 

 related by him, and on his authority, in my Crania Americana, 

 page 243. I may add that, judging from the size and conforma- 

 tion of the skull No. 654, I inferred that it had belonged not to a 

 chief, as was supposed by Dr. C, but to a woman. 



Subsequent examinations have satisfied me that my suspicions were 

 well founded; and I am further- confirmed in this belief by com- 

 paring these crania with the plates of a series obtained by the 

 Naturalists of the Astrolabe from an ancient cemetery on the Bio- 

 Bio river, near its confluence with the Moticha in Chili. It is 

 suflScient to add that both collections of skulls were evidently ob- 

 tained from the same place ; and, although Dr. Casanova was mis- 

 led as to particulars, the crania I received from him pertain to a 

 veritable but ancient Araucanian tribe, and possess a great interest, 

 both in regard to their sepulchral locality and their admirably de- 

 veloped characteristics. See Voyage del' Astrolabe: AntJiropologie 

 par le Dr. Dumoutier, planche 27. 



6. 995. Araucanian woman, aetat. 80. I. C. 77. 



7. 997. Araucanian : man, setat. 50. I. C. 77. 



The two preceding Araucanian skulls from the interior of Arauco, 

 were received from Dr. Thomas Page, of Valparaiso, in Chili. 



8. 221. ^ Two Araucanian skulls in a fragmentary condition. Ob- 



9. 222. 5 tained from a well on the premises of Mr. Keen, at Talca- 

 huano. One of the heads was enclosed in an earthen, unglazed jar. 

 Near it was found a peculiar lozenge-shaped stone. Presented by 

 Dr. W. S. W. Ruschenberger, U. S. N., June 10th, 1856. 



10. 223, Araucanian skull. 



11. 224. Araucanian skull. 



12. 120, Cast of an Araucanian skull. 



From 3Iounds. 



1. 1242. " Indian cranium from an ancient town called Chiuehiu, or 

 Atacama Baja, situated on the river Loa, at the eastern edge of the 

 Desert of Atacama, eight leagues from Calamo, and 57 from- the 

 Pacific Ocean. Here are extensive remains of Indian houses, and 

 a fortress built of mud, and loop-holed. The huaco or burial place 



