142 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF 



1. Five primaries emarginated on inner webs. Bill small, compressed. 



A. ianctijohannis * (Penn ,) Gray. 



2. Four primaries emarginated on inner webs. Bill more robust, very 

 broad at base A. ferrugineus, (Licht.,) Gray. 



B. Tarsus naked, with an anterior and posterior series of transverse scutell* ; 

 feathered only on the upper portion in front. 



a. Buteones. (Genus Buteo, Cuvier.) Only four outer primaries emargi- 



nated on inner webs; 3d or 4th longest, 1st equal 7th to 9th. Wing 

 long, primaries pointed. Outstretched feet falling far short of end of 

 tail. 



1. Four outer quills emarginated on inner webs. 



Cuoperi, Cass., harlanirf borealis, (Gmel.) Vieill., lineatus, (Gmel.) 

 Jard., zonocercus % 



2. Three outer quills emarginated on inner webs. 



Swainsom,% fuliginosus.\\ albifrons,^ pennsylvanicut, (Wils.) Bonap.** 



b. Urubitwgx. Generally five quills emarginated on inner webs; 3d and 



4th. 4th, or 4th and 5th quills longest. Wing short, primaries obtuse. 



Outstretched feet reaching to or beyond end of tail. 

 \. Feet buteonine, but tarsus more robust compared with the toes than in 

 that group. Bill very strong, the tip well developed and rather abruptly 

 hooked; lobe on the commissure very conspicuous, cere ascending basally, 

 arched. 



Genus CRAXIREX, Gould. 



Nostril horizontal, oval, with a cartilaginous [not central) tubercle. Five outer 

 primaries, emarginated on inner webs|f C. harrisii.\\ 



Genus ASTI'RIXA, Vieillot. 



Nostril horizontal, upper outline straight, the lower semicircular ; without 

 tubercle. Four outer primaries emarginated oh inner webs. A. plagiata.%%{^) 



. Feet almost milvine, the tarsus slender, the claws very long and sharp. 

 Bill small, hardly at all cnrnpressed, the tip rather obtuse; cere ascending 

 basally, very broad and full on top. 



Genus OiNTCHOTES, Ridgway.flfl 

 Nostril nearly circular, with a conspicuous (not central) tubercle. Tarsus very 

 long and slender ; toes moderate ; claws very long, strong and sharp, but only 

 slightly curved. Tibial feathers short, clost, not reaching below the joint. Wing 

 very short, much rounded and very concave beneath ; 4th quill longest, 1st 

 shorter than 9th. Tail moderate, rounded 0. gruberi.^ 



* A. sanelijohannis, is the name for all the >.'. Am. specimens, whether light or dark; there 

 is but one American species or race ; the very blaek-hirds being merely melatiistic indi- 

 viduaU. The difference between the American and European forma is hardly enough to 

 separate them as species, but sufficient to warrant our calling the former A. layopus var. 

 ianctijohannis. 



f Falcn kurlani. Aud., B. Am. pi. 36, 1831. Buteo karlani, (Bonap.) Cassin, B. N. Am. 

 X Buteo zonocercus, Bulater, Trans. Zool. Soe. IV, ii, 263, 1858. 



\ B. swainsonn, Bonap., Leish, 3, 181):'. Cassin, B.N.Am. B. insignatus, Cassin (meta- 

 nistic), B. bairdii (Hoy), Cassin (juvenilus). 



B.fuliginosus, Sclater, Pr. Zool. Sao. 1858, p. 356. (Sab., Mexico.) 



* Astur albifront, Kaup, Isis, 1817. // Buteo brachyura, Vieill., Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. IV, 

 477. 1816 



** Also polyosoma, and erythronotti) of S. Am. 



f\ Crubitinga zonura, Shaw, U. anthracina, Leicht, C schistacra, Sund.; Buteogallus nigri- 

 collis, Lath, and "BiUeo" gheisbreghtii. Dub. South Am. species belonging to this section 

 of the Buteones, also have, each, five primaries sinuated on inner webs; Spizigeranus 

 meridionalii, Lath, has ix ; while LrucoptemU" semiplumbeus, Lavvr., has only four. The 

 last is, in every respect, almost a typical example of the Urubitingeie. 



XX Fulco harrisii, And., B. Am. pi. 392, 1831. Oraxirex unicinctus, var. harrisii, Ridgway. 



M A. ruficauda, Bel. and Salv. (and the allied S. Am. species), have the five outer prima- 

 ries emarginated. 



Asturina plagiata. Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas, Sept., 1862, p. 1. 



* Onychotes, Ridgway, Nov. (Sen. (Type O.gruberi, see page 149). 



[Dec. 



