146 PKOCEEDIXGS OF THE ACADEMY OF 



Sully, U. S. A., S. M. Rothammer.) Differing from the adult only in degree,. 

 Upper surface with the rusty borders of the feathers more washed over the 

 general surface ; the rusty ochraceous forms the ground color of the head - 

 paler anteriorly, where the black shaft-streaks are very conspicuous; spots on 

 the primary coverts and primaries deep reddish ochraceous ; tail bands 

 broader than iu the adult, and more reddish ; the terminal one twice as broad 

 as the rest (-40 of an inch) and almost cream color in tint 



Beneath, pale ochraceous, this deepest on the breast and sides ; markings 

 as in the adult, but anal region and lower tail-coverts immaculate; the shaft- 

 streaks on the tibia, also, scarcely discernible. Wing, 7-00; tail, 4-60. 



It is to this perfectly distinct species, that the various citations of "cesalori' 

 from North America are to be referred. It is the. bird noticed under that 

 name in the "Fauna Boreali Americana," to the author of which (by whom 

 it r distinctness from columbarius was first recognized) we take pleasure in 

 dedicating the species. This bird appears to inhabit exclusively the interior 

 regions of North America, especially that portion between the Mississippi 

 Valley and the Rocky Mountains ; whether it extends into the Middle Province 

 we cannot at present tell. Numerous specimens are in the collection from 

 various points between Texas and the northern boundary of the U. S. its 

 habitat extending into the interior of British America, as we know from 

 Richardson's aecount. The very numerous specimens of the H. columbarius 

 from the same region as that inhabited by the present species, are of the 

 usual style of that bird, and the slight degree of variation manifested in an 

 exceedingly large series of the common species, as noted in its account,* 

 will, we trust, illustrate the wide separation of the two species, even in the 

 most similar stages of plumage. 



Comparative Characters of Hypotriorchis columbarius, (Linn.) Gray, 

 .fiSALOX, (Gmel.) Gray, and richardsoxii, Ridgway. 

 A. Adult males ashy blue above. 



1. columbarius. (Ilab. Whole of N. Am.; West Indies.) 



Male. Inner webs of primaries with eight transverse spots of white. Tail 

 tipped with white, and with three, more or less continuous, black bands, ante- 

 rior to the subterminal zone; lateral feather approaching to white on inner 

 webs, on which there are altogether five sharply defined transverse spots of 

 black, these crossing the shaft nearly to edge of outer web. Streaks on 

 cheeks fine and sparse; pectoral markings broad, clear brown, with black shaft- 

 lines. Beneath, only slightly tinged with ochraceous, except ou the tibia, 

 winch are deeply of this color, and streaked with dusky. 



Female. Above plumbeous-umber, all the feathers with darker shaft-lines. 

 Tail with jive (one concealed), more or less continuous, narrow bands of whit- 

 ish. Outer webs of primaries plain ; inner web of longest with eight trans- 

 verse spots of pale ochraceous. Streaks of cheeks uniformly distributed. 



Measurements of Q. Wing, 8-25; tail, 5-25; tarsus, 100; middle toe r 

 1-25. (1716, Carlisle, Penn.) 



2. jesalon. (Hub. Europe.) 



Male. Inner webs of primaries with ten spots. Tail tipped with ash, and 

 with six transverse series (anterior to the subterainal zone) of concealed 

 black spots, these only on inner webs, and not touching the shaft; lateral 

 feather uniformly ash with only small transversely oval black spots on inner 

 webs, these not touchiug either the edge or shaft. Streaks on cheeks enlarged 

 and blended, forming a conspicuous " moustache ;" pectoral markings linear, pure 

 black; those of sides and flanks broader and more brownish, but not con- 

 nected in chain-like series as in columbarius. An ochraceous tinge prevalent 

 across the nape, and all lower parts except the throat of this color, deepest on 

 breast and sides ; tibia paler and scarcely streaked. 



* See forthcoming Monograph. 



[Dec. 



