SOLITARY CORALS. 241 



EXPLANATION OF PLATES I., II., III., and IV. 



Fig. 1. Rhorluri/athxs o'l/Iimrnsis, n. sp. Lateral view of the corallum. x 2. 

 ].\. Diagram illustrating the arrangement of the septa. 1, 1, primary 



septa. 2, secondary septa. 3, 4, 5, tertiary, quaternary and quinary septa. 

 2. Cyathotrochus herdmani, n. sp. A view of the corallum showing the paliform lobes, p, and one of 



the carinated directive cost*, c. 

 ,, 2A. Gyathotrochus herdmani, n. sp. Calice from above. The numerals indicate the cycles of septa. 

 3. Flabellwm erassum, M. Edw. and H. Profile view of the corallum. b.s., basal scar. ( x 2.) 

 3.V. The calice viewed from above. The numerals indicate the 



different cycles of septa. 

 ,, 4. Flabellum rubrum, Quoy and Gaimard, var. profumdum, M. Edw. and Haime. The calice viewed 



from above, showing the different cycles of septa 1 to 5, and the parietal columella formed by 



spiny outgrowths from the lower ends of the septa. 

 ,, 5. Plttro/iYirliiis Urns, M. Edwards and Haime. The calice viewed from above, showing the regular 



arrangement of the septa and the essential lamellar columella. 

 ,, 6. Bcdanophyllia parallda, Semper. Profile view of the corallum. x 2. 

 Ga. ,, The calice viewed from above. 



7. Balanophyllia rumiwji, M. Edwards and Haime. View of a colonial aggregate of corallitcs. 



Nat. size. 

 ,, 7a. Balanophyllia cumingi. Diagram of the septal arrangement. The numerals indicate the cycles 



of septa. 

 8. Balanophyllia socialix, Sempeu. Profile view of the corallum. 

 8a. Diagram of the septal arrangement. 



,, 9. Balanophyllia taprobana; n. sp. Profile view of the corallum, showing the enlarged primary costse 



and one of the lateral buds, b. 

 ,, 9a. Balanophyllia taprobance, n. sp. Calice viewed from above. 1, 1, the enlarged primary entocoelic 



septa. X. 2 , the secondary exoccelic septum of the left-hand lateral system. A'. 3 , A r . 3 , tertiary 



exoccelic septa of the same system. En.' 2 , secondary entoccelic septum; and En. 3 , tertiary 



entocoelic septum of the same system. 

 10. Lobopsammia robusta, n. sp. Lateral view of the colony. 

 ,, 10a. ,, Diagram of the septal arrangement. The numerals indicate the 



cycles of septa. 

 ,, 11. Dendrophyllia minuscula, n. sp. Profile view of the colony, x 2. 

 ,, 11a. ,, A calice viewed from above. 1, 1, primary entoccelic septa. 



En. 2 , secondary entoccelic septum. A'.'-, A'. 2 , secondary exoccelic septa (largely magnified). 

 12. Side view of a primary septum of Heterocyathus xquicostatus, showing the septal trabecular 



emerging on the surface as spiniform granulations. A.c, Aspidosiphon chamber, p., pali and 



paliform lobes, sir., stereoplasm represented by cross shading, syn., synapticulum. 

 ,, 13. Portion of a horizontal section through the corallum of Heterocyathus mquicostatus, showing the 



diverging trabecule of which the septa are composed and the pigmented stereoplasm largely 



filling up the interseptal loculi. S., S., septa, sir., stereoplasm external to, and sir. 1 , stereo- 

 plasm internal to syn., the synapticula. 

 ,, 14. Section through a band-shaped primary mesenterial filament of Heterocyathus, some little way 



below the lip of the mouth, c.e., ciliated epithelio-muscular cells of the filament, en., 



endoderm. mg., mesoglcea. Zeiss. Obj. D, Oc. 4. 

 ,, 15. Section through a convoluted mesenterial filament of Heterocyathus. en., endoderm. gl 1 ., gl 2 ., 



two varieties of gland cells. ., nematocyst. Zeiss. Obj. D, Oc. 4. 



2 I 



