DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHINESE 89 



Confucius had enjoyed under the Manehu dynasty, including the title 

 of " Holy Duke/' have been restored. China will not make the transi- 

 tion from customary morality to reflective morality in a few years, nor 

 can a truly republican form of government be established there prior 

 to a general rise of educational conditions. Japan awoke from her sleep 

 in 1854 as a result of the coming of Admiral Perry, and soon thereafter 

 instituted a campaign of reform. The Japanese have now become 

 aware of the fact that they confront a great problem, and are to-day in 

 the very act of discovering and confirming rational standards of con- 

 duct. Custom and reflection are waging mighty battles there to-day, 

 for the modern movement is in full swing. In China the rational and 

 social forces which have been set in motion should be allowed to operate 

 until that great country has taken the necessary step from customary 

 to reflective morality and has taken its place among the nations of the 

 world. 



