The Scottish Naturalist. 107 



Nuphar pumilum Sm. 



Loch Kinnord, Aberdeenshire, 2. 8. 79, Eliz. A. Lomax, ex- 

 Botanical Exchange Club." Recte," Dr. Caspary. 



Nuphar pumilum Sm. 

 Loch in Aviemore, E. Inverness., 2nd. Aug., I882, J. Groves. 



" Pollen partly bad ; leaves smooth on the underside ; therefore 

 probably a hybrid. But it is impossible to judge with certainty from 

 so scanty material and a flower so unfavourably closed." Dr. 

 Caspary. 



Nuphar pumilum Sm. 



Loch Winless, Caithness. August 1885, J. Grant. 



" Seems to be A r . pumilum Sm., but material wretched." Dr. 

 Caspary. 



This was all the material I possessed. I hope that Dr. B. White 

 will have some notes on these smaller Nuphars in the forthcoming 

 " Flora of Perthshire " ; and I would urge all who have the opportunity 

 to gather a good series ; they will be of interest not only to British 

 botanists but even to those of N. America, whence I have some very 

 interesting notes and specimens from the Rev. T. Morong of Ashland, 

 Mass. He describes one of their smaller species as growing " in a little 

 lake just like some of the Scotch Highland Lakes." Whether the 

 plant he names is the true pumilum of Smith is yet undecided ; but 

 he has placed in Dr. Caspary's hands a fine series for examination. 



SCOTTISH GALLS. 



BY PROF. J. W. H. TRAIL, A.M., M.D., F.L.S. 



DURING the past year a few additions have been made to the galls 

 recorded by me in the pages' of the Scottish Naturalist ; but 

 the number is so small as to induce a belief that the more conspicuous 

 forms have been nearly exhausted for Scotland, and that the species 

 still undetected mostly belong to those inconspicuous forms producedby 

 Midges, Mites, and Nematoid worms. Of these a good many may 

 yet be expected to reward future investigations, but the evidence that 

 we possess is sufficient to prove that the galls of Scotland are far fewer, 

 and considerably less varied in appearance and structure, than are 

 those of Germany, and of other countries of the European 'continent. 

 Many of the commonest European galls, so far as known, do not occur 

 with us, even though the host-plants are plentiful, an indication, pro- 

 bably, that in some cases the plants reached our land before the gall- 

 makers had developed their parasitic habits, and that in others the 



