310 The Scottish Naturalist. 



M.E.A., Miiller's paper on British Gall insects in Entomologists 



Annual for 1872. 

 M.E.S., Miiller in Trans. Entomol. Soc, London. 

 T.S.N. , "Scottish Galls " in the Scottish Naturalist, by myself. 

 T.A., papers by myself in the Transactions of the Aberdeen 

 Nat. Hist. Soc., published in 1878 (I.), in 1885 (II.). 

 Any person commencing the study of our native galls will also 

 find it necessary to refer constantly to the publications of Con- 

 tinental scientists. The most useful for the study of the Dipterous 

 gall-makers are : 



Bremi's Beitrsege zu einer Monographie der Gall- 

 mucken, 1847; Hermann Loew's Die Gallmucken, 1850; 

 Winnertz's Beitrsege zu einer Monographie der Gall- 

 mucken ; Schiner's Fauna Austriaca, Die Fliegen, vol. 11., 

 1 864 ; Kaltenbach's Die Pflanzenfeinde aus der Klasse der 



Insekten, 1874 ; and, perhaps most of all, Dr. Franz Loew's 



papers on Gallmidges and their Galls in the Verhand- 

 lungenZool. Bot. Gesellschaft, Wien, in 1873, 1874, 1875, 



1878, 1880, and 1886. A complete list of articles referring to 

 Gall-making Uiptera would occupy many pages. On the Trype- 

 tidae the most useful work of reference is a large work by H. 

 Loew, with photographs of the wings of the species. I have not 

 attempted to state the distribution of most of the species outside 

 of Scotland, as it would occupy too much space, and will be 

 found summarised (up to 1876) in Bergenstamm and P. Loew's 



Synopsis Cecidomyidarum. 



{Note. Since the above was written, I have received from the Abbe 

 Kieffer, of Bitsch in Lorraine, a paper (presented by him before 

 the Z. B. Ges. Wien on 7th December, 1887, and published 

 in the Verhandlungen, 1888, pp. 95-114), entitled, " Uebilr 

 Gallmucken unci Miickengallen." In this the author describes 

 several new species of Midges reared by him, several of them 

 from galls of kinds described in my present paper. These 

 are noticed under the various galls.] 



We must now pass on to the enumeration of the galls upon the 

 various plants in Scotland. The descriptions will be as brief as I 

 can make them, retaining sufficient clearness to enable a beginner 

 to recognise the galls from them. The nomenclature of the 

 plants is that of Hooker's " Students' Flora." 



Thalictrum minus, var. montanum (Meadow Rue). Ova- 

 ries twice or thrice the natural size, hollow, often nearly 



