The Scottish Naturalist. 315 



Cytisus SCOparius (Broom) is galled very commonly in Scot- 

 land by Asphondyiia Sarothamni H.Lw. 

 1 and 2. The galls may be either swollen and distorted flower- 

 buds, usually two or three upon each branch ; or they 

 may be swellings of an entire pod, if the pod is small, or 

 of a part of it if it is pretty large, as is usually the case. 

 In each of the flower-bud-galls only one or two larvae 

 live ; in the pod-galls from two to ten may be present. 

 (T.S.N., 1. 295, II., 32 a, b) ; T.A., L, 58). From both 

 forms I have reared Asphondyiia Sarothamni (B.IL, 

 p. 112, 1 and 3). Both forms .occur near Aberdeen, at 

 Muchalls, at Linirathen, at Dunkeld, and near Glasgow. 

 3. A third form of gall occurs in the same localities as the 

 others, and may possibly belong to this species ; but the 

 gall is so different from the forms already described that 

 the question must remain uncertain till the insect is 

 reared. The gall is a bud, tubular, rather over J by y 

 inch, green, slightly flattened at the sides, and smooth or 

 ribbed. It is two-lipped above, with an opening, from 

 which runs a passage, filled with interlocking white hairs, 

 down to a smooth-walled cell at the base, in which lies an 

 orange larva. The larva pupates in the earth, and pro- 

 bably the midge emerges in spring, a point of difference 

 compared with the forms from Broom described above. 

 Usually this gall occurs in some numbers in the axils of 

 the leaves near the tips of the twigs. It is common to-' 

 wards the end of summer, and during autumn in many 

 places (T.S.N., II., 172, c; T. A., L, 58 ; B., I., 159, 

 and B., II., 112). (Abbe Keiffer, in a paper presented on 

 1 2th December, 1887, to the Z. B. Ges. Wien, has figured 

 the galls of this form as belonging to an undescribed 

 midge named by him Cecidomyia tubicola). 



Trifolium repens (white clover) has one or more of the leaflets 

 folded, inflated, and fleshy ; each is tenanted by one 

 larva (rarely more) of 0. Trifolii Fr. Lw. The larvae 

 generally spin up and pupate in the galls. I have found 

 the latter often near Aberdeen (T.S.N. , 1. 195, IV., 14; 

 T.A., L., 58). Mr. Binnie records them from the 

 Glasgow district (B.I., 159; B.H., 1 14-15). 



Anthyllis Vulneraria (Woundwort) has the flower-buds 



