The Scottish Naturalist. 317 



found in Lorraine, and they appear to be identical with 

 the above galls found in Scotland ; there can be no 

 doubt that the galls on V. Cracca are the work of the 

 same insect as those on V. sepium.) 



Vicia sylvatica (Wood Vetch) also has the leaflets folded, and 

 slightly thickened and inflated; but they are reddish- 

 brown, and are scattered here and there among healthy 

 leaflets, never being crowded, as in the other Vicice 

 (T.S.N.,IL, 78 ; T.A.,L, 59). I have found the galls in 

 Kincaidineshire. 



Lathyrus pratensis (Meadow Vetch) bears galls in certain 

 respects similar to those on Vicice, but usually they are 

 larger and reddish-brown, and in groups of three in the 

 leaf axils near the tips of the stems ; in each live two or 

 three orange larvae (T.S.N.,II., 78; T. A., 1S78, p. 60). 

 Common in autumn near Aberdeen, and at Muchalls, in 

 Kincardineshire, and Mr. Binnie reported them to me 

 from Glasgow. 



Prunus spinosa (Sloe or Blackthorn) has the leaves sometimes 

 galled, a large swelling projecting downwards, and open- 

 ing above by a cleft along the midrib. The walls are 

 thin. The gall may reach the size of -| by J inch. In 

 the large ones the leaf is reduced to a mere fringe on 

 each side of the slit. The surface of the gall is green. 

 The midge has not been reared, but bears the provisional 

 name of C. pruni Kalt. Mr. Binnie found the galls 

 common at Mugdock, near Glasgow, in September 

 (B.IL, 182-83 ; T.S.N., IV., 14). 



Spiraea Ulmaria (Meadow Sweet or Queen of the Meadow) 

 very frequently has the leaves studded with hard pear- 

 shaped galls about 5 inch in diameter. The broad end 

 projects a little way from the upper surface of the leaf, 

 and is yellowish-green or red; the narrowed end projects 

 below, and is white and downy like the leaf. Each is 

 tenanted by an orange larva of C. Ulmarice Bremi. Usually 

 many galls are found on each leaf, especially near the 

 margins. They are everywhere abundant (T.S.N. , I., 

 124, 196; T.A., 1878, p. 60; B.I., 159-60). 



Rubus Idseus (Raspberry) occasionally has the stems and the 

 leaf-stalks enlarged into rounded or oblong swellings, 



