37*5 The Scottish Naturalist. 



hairs, and the apex of the gall more rounded ; the other 

 nearly smooth (but in fact bearing a fine coat of 

 adpressed hairs), and with a more acute apex. The 

 former is certainly the work of Hormomyia piligci-a 

 H.Lw. ; the latter also is probably the work of this 

 insect, but the galls have been attributed by Bremi to 

 C. tornatella, which he named from the gall, though he 

 did not rear the insects. I have both galls from 

 Scotland ; those of tornatella from Aberdeen, Kin- 

 cardine, Forfar, and Perthshires ; those of H. piligera 

 . from Forres in Moray, and from Glamis in Forfarshire. 

 Mr. Binnie also mentions it from near Glasgow (B.I., 162 ; 

 T.S.N., I., 235, VI., 256-7 ; T.A., I., 74-75). 



Betula alba (Birch). 



1. Mr. Binnie (B.IL, 182) records finding swollen catkins near 



Glasgow, tenanted by larvae of C. Betulce Kalt. pro- 

 bably ; and I have found the same pseudo-galls recently 

 near Aberdeen. 



2. Fusiform hollow swellings of the midribs, sometimes 1 2 mm. 



long, by ij-if, tenanted by one whitish larva of Ceci- 

 domyia : found in autumn by me in Strathnaver in 

 Sutherland, in Aberdeenshire, and at Dunkeld, and 

 reported by Mr. Binnie, from Glasgow. 



3. Round blister-galls in the leaf-blades, two, three, or more in 



each, reaching sometimes 4 mm. across by 2~ mm. 

 thick ; often two or three are joined by the edges. 

 The wall is very thin ; the surface is like that of the 

 leaf, but each gall is surrounded by a purple ring above. 

 Each contains one larva, which, when full fed, bores 

 through the lower surface, falls to the ground, and 

 pupates there. The galls are common in July, in Aber- 

 deenshire, on low bushy plants, and I have found them 

 also in Sutherland, Kincardine, and Perth ; and Mr. 

 Binnie reports them from near Glasgow. 



4. The buds at the tips of the twigs are swollen and occupied by 



larvae of Cecidomyia. Occurred on the same bushes as 

 No. 3 (references for 2, 3, and 4 are T.S.N., II., 304 ; 

 T.A., I., 75). 



Juniperus communis (Common Juniper) in upland districts 



