faknhamI rxnrSTRfAL work IX OSWEGO XORMAf. II 



they applied the tertilizers and seeded the fall wheat with the 

 necessary preliminary preparation ot the seed bed. The Club is 

 now co-operating with the local county Farmers' Institute which 

 is to hold its meetings at the Normal School at an early date. 



Teachers. Probably the most gratifying results yet attained 

 in this school is that which is being done by the teachers who 

 have taken tlie course in agriculture and who are now teaching 

 it as a part of their regular school work. Many interesting 

 things have been brought to notice by these teachers either in 

 personor by letter and in no instance has there been a discourag- 

 ing report. The Normal School aids either through correspon- 

 dence or by personal visits, those teachers who desire assistance. 



INDUSTRIAL WORK IN THE STATE NORMAL AND 1 RAIN- 

 ING SCHOOL, OSWEGO, N. Y. 



By AMOS W. FARNHAM 



It is not the purpose of this article to discuss the relative 

 merits of industrial work in the school course, nor its claims to the 

 consideration of students of political economy, commerce and 

 labor, and'the fundamentals of good citizenship; but simply to 

 present briefly the industrial work as it is pursued today in the 

 Oswego State Normal and Training School, with its aims and 

 ends. 



The work in some form is introduced in the first year of the 

 school of practice and continued in different forms throughout 

 that course, which includes kindergarten and all other grades 

 below the high school ; then industrial work, more advanced and 

 more difficult, is extended through the "Normal High" and 

 professional courses. None of the work is in a strict sense 

 vocational, but all of it attempts at least to pro\-ide instruction 

 in fundamental industrial knowledge. 



The children of the kindergarten engage in hand work common , 

 to all kindergartens: sand moulding, in which the geographic 

 setting of certain kindergarten stories is represented; day 

 modeling which produces models of many forms of absorbing 

 interest to the children, such as birds' nests containing eggs, 

 candle-sticks with tapers, peanuts, firecrackers, etc.; paper 

 folding, producing forms of baskets, birds, boats, etc.; outlining 

 simple forms of familiar birds, quadrupeds, plants, buildings, 



