14 NATURE-STUDY REVIEW [11:1— Jan., 1915 



Planting of outdoor bulbs by pupils. To be done at school or at home. To 

 be planted in October or early November before severe frosts. 

 Study soils and fertilizers; effects on plants. 

 Window gardens. 

 Germination of seeds. 

 Home and school gardens. 



SIXTH GRADE 



The parts of the plant and the office of each part, working out the general 

 idea of exogen and endogen. Corn and other tall grasses to be obtained for 

 endogens. Growing trees, shrubs, and other plants for exogens. 



Collect various woods used in furniture, etc., and study how they are brought 

 to market and prepared for use. 



Decoration of home and school grounds; park and landscape gardening. 



Propagation of plants. 



The development of trees throughout the year. 



SEVENTH GRADE 



Special study of pollination; use rose or apple-flower as type of dicotyledo- 

 nous plant; tulip for monocotyledonous plant, calling special attention to the 

 perianth. 



Molds, blights, bacteria, etc., including those attacking trees and other 

 plants. 



Bordeaux-mixture for killing molds and blights. 



Insects, especially moths and butterflies in all their phases. 



Brief study of circulation, respiration, digestion. 



EIGHTH GRADE 



Development of a tree, using note book, sketching changes observed. 



Select suitable trees for the school district ; learn how to plant and care for 

 them in a suitable manner. 



Destructive insects — tussock and coddling moths, potato bug, tomato worm, 

 plant lice, etc. ; various scale insects — cotton scale, San Jose scale, oyster scale. 



Beneficial insects; lady-bug, ichneumon fly, etc. 



Continue to use Bordeaux-mixture for molds and blights. 



Insecticides — Paris-green or arsenate of lead for chewing insects and their 

 larva?; kerosene emulsion and lime-sulphur solution for plant-lice and scale 

 insects. Combination treatment by fungicides and insecticides. 



Hot -beds and cold-frames in the propagation of plants. 



Tree surgery. 



Elementary plant-ecology. 



Elementary treatment of the geological history of the earth. 



Nervous system. 



In order to handle the course satisfactorily, it has been necessary 

 to give the teachers special instruction in these lines, for the reason 

 that they usually know very little about practical gardening. 



