108 NATURE-STUDY REVIEW ]11:3— Mar., 1915 



The purpose has been to make the outline psychologically and 

 pedagogically logical from the child's standpoint, rather than 

 technically and systematically logical from the scientist's stand- 

 point. 



The general principal governing in the selection of topics for this 

 outline may be briefly stated as follows : any topic is worthy of a 

 place in direct proportion to the number and value of the elements 

 which it possesses in common with the child's life. 



The selection and arrangement of topics in the outline may be 

 considered from four standpoints: i, the general aims of nature- 

 study ; 2 , the phases of nature-study included ; 3 , the seasons of the 

 year; 4, the age of the child. 



The arrangement of topics from the standpoint of aims has 

 already been discussed and is shown diagram! cally in figure on 

 page 99. 



Phases of Nature-Study — Five large phases of nature-study have 

 been included: the physical, the astronomical, the hygienic, the 

 agricultural and the biological, using this last word in a limited 

 sense to mean the study of the common wild plants and animals. 



The physical phase is taken up in the intermediate and grammar 

 grade with more emphasis in the higher grades. 



The astronomical phase is taken up in the intermediate grades, 

 brief studies being made of the sun, moon, stars, and planets. 



The hygienic phase receives consideration thruout all the grades. 

 In the first six grades special attention is given to personal hygiene, 

 in the seventh grade to the hygiene of the home, and in the eighth 

 grade to public health. For this work it is suggested that two 

 textbooks be used, one in the sixth grade and another in the eighth. 

 For the sixth grade such books as Hutchinson's, "The Child's 

 Day," or "Gulick's, Good Health" are suggested; and for the 

 eighth grade such books as "Coleman's, The Peoples Health," or 

 Gulick's, "Town and City." 



The agricultural phase is included in the intermediate and gram- 

 mar grades. In the intermediate grades home gardening is 

 emphasized with special reference to raising the common flowers 

 and vegetables. In the seventh grade special attention is also 

 given to home gardening, emphasis being laid on the general plant- 

 ing of the yard including shrubs and vines; and both fruit and 

 vegetable gardening are considered. In this connection a brief 

 study is made of soils. 



