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NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 123 



the same ; the ninth spine equals 7-100 of the same. The memhrane is not 

 acutely notched, and is penicilligerous behind each spine. The soft portion, 

 inclusive of its spine, exceeds a fifth (21-100) of the length, is higher in front 

 than the spinous and declines little in height. 



The anal fin commences nearly under the first soft dorsal ray and at the 

 posterior half of the length (53-100) ; the entire base equals 13-100 of the 

 total length, and the soft portion, inclusive of its spine, an eleventh (9-100) ; 

 the latter is much higher than long, and vertical truncated behind when ex- 

 panded ; the second soft or first branched ray is nearly twice as long as the 

 base of the soft part (17-100). The membrane behind the first and second 

 spines is acutely notched ; the length of the first spine nearly equals a twelfth 

 (8-100), that of the second an eighth (12-100) of the total length, and is 

 greater than that of the third. 



The caudal fin truncated behind and forms nearly a fifth (19-100) of the 

 length. 



The pectoral fins are well developed, but none of the rays are much elon- 

 gated, the second and third simple rays from the branched being about equal, 

 not a quarter (23-100) of the length, and not much larger than the fourth, 

 which exceeds a fifth (21-100) of the same. There are seven simple rays, the 

 membrane below each of which, except the uppermost, is very deeply and 

 acutely notched. 



The ventral fins are inserted nearly at the vertical, between the fourth and 

 fifth dorsal spines, and extend backwards to the anus, the length nearly equal- 

 ling a sixth of the total (17-100) ; the spine equals a tenth (10]) of the same ; 

 the first ray is longest and about a quarter longer than the inner. 



The branched rays of the dorsal are divided from the middle, and the pos- 

 terior branch again divided ; those of the anal are dichotomous, both branches 

 being divided, as are also those of the caudal. Those of the pectorals are 

 unequally branched, like those of the dorsal, the lower branch only being 

 divided. The central rays of the ventrals are thrice divided ; the others are 

 more or less unequally branched. 



The scales are large, there being only forty along the lateral line ; above 

 are four rows, and below ten. The obliquity is such that a row from the front 

 of the dorsal fall behind the anus. 



11 4 



[>. IX. 1. lOy. A.III. 5y. C. 6. 1.7. 6.1.5. P. 1.6 | 1. 6. V.I.5. Scales 40j^ 



The color is grayish or light purplish, apparent on the back in five spots, the 

 first of which is below the third to fifth spine ; the second below the seventh 

 and eighth ; the third below the second to fifth soft rays ; the fourth unpaired 

 and behind the dorsal, and the fifth at the base of the caudal ; below the lateral 

 line are as many more under the superior row, and these alternate below with 

 as many bands as broad as the intervals. The intervals between the spots on 

 the back, especially the last, are band-like. The spinous part of the dorsal 

 is purple, with two lighter longitudinal bands ; the soft part is also purplish 

 at the base. The rays of the caudal and anal are sometimes spotted. The 

 head is purple, and the chin is marked with three purple spots, forming a 

 triangle. The bands are much darker on the back. 



Body Total length from snout to caudal, 5| 100 



Greatest height 30 



Height at caudal peduncle behind 12 2 



" " in middle 10 



Thickness of body at pectoral region 18 



Head Length from snout to opercular angle 29 



" " opercular membrane 31 



" " nape 23 



Width at operculum 18 



" eyes 14 



" between orbits 4 2 



1862.] 



