NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 189 



is one-third of its length distant from the tip : the basal is well developed, 

 and noarly equal to the first premolar. Second and first premolars nearly 

 equal ; fourth larger than third ; fifth very small, wedged between the molar 

 and premolar, its crown oval, with a faint transverse line of coloration. All 

 the other teeth are tipped with bright chestnut, those of the mandible most 

 extensively, especially the incisors, in which the whole superior border is 

 colored. First superior molar scarcely larger than second and third. Inferior 

 incisors with indistinct lobes. First premolar small, very oblique ; second 

 larger, little oblique, bicuspid. First molar largest. Muzzle slender, de- 

 pressed, probably less elongate than inN. navigator. Distance between 

 the ocular fissures contained once and a half times in the distance between 

 the same and end of the muzzle. A styloid angular process of the mandibu- 

 lum. The whiskers are long the anterior directed downward and forward, 

 the posterior extending as far as the margin of the helix of the ear. The 

 auricle is directed backwards and closely appressed to the head : the length 

 from antitragus to border of helix is equal to the width between the centres 

 of the orbits. The superior and inferior portions of the helix are closely 

 folded longitudinally upon it, the inferior fold most extensive. The anti- 

 tragus is large, its anterior border folded backward, the whole closely cover- 

 ing the meatus. Antihelix vertical, short, folded backwards. The posterior, 

 and external anterior faces of the helix are covered with long dark hairs like 

 those of the body ; the other portions of the auricle are heavily fringed with 

 the same. Fur, upon the middle of the side about three lines long. Tail 

 obtusely tetragonal, as long as the head and body. The hairs are stiff, flat- 

 tened, equal ; they form a pencil at the tip. A close fringe extends along the 

 inner and outer borders of the palms and soles and exterior digits ; a slighter 

 fringe occurs on the border of the median digits. The claws are acute, short. 

 The anterior foot is contained one and two-thirds times in the length of the 

 posterior. In the latter there is a depi'essed tubercle at the base of the in- 

 ternal digit, one at the base of the second, and one at the base of the fissure 

 between the fourth and last. There is a compressed tubercle at the base of 

 the third digit, and two on the metatarsus. The arrangement of tubercles on 

 the palm is similar, except that they are more depressed, and close together. 

 Length of head 1 in. 2J lin., of body 1 in. 6 1., of tail 1 in. 9 1., of fore foot 

 4i 1. , of hind foot 8| 1. 



The general color is black, with a tinge of brown ; this tinge is more ap- 

 parent on the abdomen, and most upon the posterior gular region ; anterior 

 gular region and chin nearly white, lightest anteriorly. Tail unicolor. 



On Lacerta echinata and Tiliqua dura. 



BY E. D. COPE. 

 Lacerta (Zootoca) eehinata. 



Scales nearly granular on the sides and nape of the neck. They increase 

 in size posteriorly, becoming rhombic, and having strong keels parallel with 

 the median line. Abdominal plates in six series, transverse, except the 

 posterior portion of the median two series, which are longitudinal. Gular scales 

 in cross series, coarsely granular, the posterior largely. Eight plates ontbe ante- 

 pectoral fold, preceded by six or seven smaller. Four series of brachial 

 plates, two anterior ; the superior of these is the largest of all. One antero- 

 internal antebrachial series : the external and posterior scales of the ante- 

 brachium are keeled, as are also those of the tibia and femur. Anterior 

 femoral series five, the second (from above) largest. Femoral pores fourteen, 

 large, in the posterior parts of the plates. Two tibial rows, external larger, 

 composed of six plates, of which the median three are nearly equal. Marginal 

 preanals, one very large, transverse, two small on each side. The former is 

 1862.] 



