HARDWICKE'S SCIENCE-GOSSIP. 



107 



-were laid down in succession one over the other ; 

 secondly, that this state of things gave way to one of 

 troubled volcanic action, the eruptions commencing 

 beneath the waters, but a land volcano soon appearing ; 

 thirdly, the fires die out, old Vulcan retires from the 

 scene, and the wearied volcanic land sinks shortly into 

 the sea again ; fourthly, upon the partly denuded sur- 

 face of the volcanic series, a new set of marine deposits 

 begin to be formed, a limestone first, and during its for- 

 mation one little submarine volcanic outburst occurs. 



We must next study this second great series of 

 sedimentary deposits and then see what befell all 

 three formations together. 



[The above article was the last literary act of its 

 gifted and genial author, who has died suddenly at 

 the early age of thirty-seven, and only six weeks 

 after his appointment to the Vicarage of Rydal, the 

 most lovely spot in the lake district he loved so 

 well ! No man was ever more sincerely beloved by 

 his fellow-workers — for his sterling honour and high 

 sense of duty, and for his overflowing and kindly 

 feeling ! Science has lost in him one of her most 

 promising disciples. He died in the midst of pro- 

 jected work, to carry out which he hoped the lovely 

 quiet of Rydal would be so congenial. There is not 

 a geologist in England who will not feelingly exclaim, 

 when he hears of his sudden end, " Poor Ward ! "] 



COLLECTOR'S MONOGRAPH OF THE 

 BRITISH DOG-ROSES. 



FOR the past fifteen years we have closely observed 

 and collected many hundreds of specimens of 

 the difficult genus Rosa in the north of England, using 

 as a text-book Mr. Baker's review, published in the 

 "Naturalist." But in drawing up this short sketch 

 we have not relied upon our own specimens for the 

 specific or varietal characters, but upon those collected 

 and labelled by Baker, Ward, and Bloxam, of which 

 we possess a large and well-marked series in our 

 herbarium. We expect the roses to be in bloom very 

 early this year ; a note of warning, however, may not 

 be in vain ; they should be collected when in flower, 

 not later than 10 a.m., if gathered later in the day it 

 is impossible to dry them with the petals. Each 

 species or variety, according to the view taken by the 

 collector, should be represented in the herbarium 

 by not less than three sheets. The first sheet of 

 specimens ought to represent the flowering branch, 

 with the end of a barren shoot by its side to show 

 the prickles, the latter show the leaves at their 

 best. The second sheet should show the fruit, soon 

 after the petals have fallen, because then the sepals 

 clearly mark the group. The third sheet should 

 represent the fruit when mature ; we have found no 

 difficulty in marking the bush, when gathering the 

 early flowers in May, to secure the fruit from the 

 same shrub at a later period. 



We have taken as a guide Hooker's " Student's 

 Flora," both for the names and divisions, to which 

 we, with every confidence, refer our readers as the 

 best work published on the British Flora. In every 

 part of the country there are to be found numerous 

 forms, and no collector can better employ his time 

 than by working up his own neighbourhood for one 

 season. We promise any one disposed to work ample 

 enjoyment ; doubtless there are many varieties still 

 unknown to science, thus the student may also look 

 for a fair reward. 



Rosa canina, Linne. Group I. 



Group I. — Ecristata:. 



Leaves large, approaching lanceolate, or sometimes 

 cordate, but always glabrous (often shining) on upper 

 surface. Stipules remarkably small on barren shoot. 

 Peduncles (naked) smooth, long. Seps. reflexed 

 after flowering. Fruit, large ovate. Bracts, very 

 large ovate. 



Div. 1. L. glabrous on both sides. 



1. Rosa lutdiana (Lem.). A tall luxuriant shrub. 

 L. bright green, smooth, 3-4 inches long, on barren 

 shoot, sharply serrated. Firs. 2 inches in diameter, 

 pink, on long smooth ped. Abundant. 



2. R. serculosa (Woods). Firs, in large clusters, 

 sometimes 15-20, the young shoots and leaves tinged 

 with red. Frequent. 



3. R. sphcerica (Gren.). Frt. globose. Pets, slightly 

 pubescent. Rare. 



4. R. sentkosa (Ach.). L. 1 inch long on barren 

 shoot. St. very slender and twining in habit. Rare. 



5. R. dumalis (Bech.). Pets, often glandular. Firs, 

 deep pink. Frequent. 



6. R. biserrata (Merat). St. and stips. bright pink. 

 L. deeply serrate. Common. 



7. R. vinacca (Baker). L. green. Bracts long, 

 lanceolate. Frt. oblong. Frequent. 



Div. 2. L. smooth above (shining), hairy on 

 nerves below. 



8. R. urbica (Lem.). L. densely pilose beneath on 

 veins. Leaflets grey. Frt. oblong. Common. 



9. R. frondosa (Stev.). Frt. very small, globose. 

 L. ovate, oblong. Frequent. 



10. A', arvatica (Baker). Frt. ovoid. L. ovate- 

 oblong. Pets, pubescent. Common. 



Div. 3. L. hairy along margin (glaucous-green). 



11. R. dumetorum (Thuill.). L. large, softly hairy 

 beneath. Pets, densely grey, pubescent. Firs, deep 

 pink (fine). Common. 



12. R. pruitwsa (Baker). More glaucous than the 

 last, hence called R. avsia (Bar.) ; pets, glandular. 

 Frequent. 



13. R. uicana (Wood). L. densely pubescent below, 

 doubly serrate. Frt. large, oblong. Firs, fine, white. 

 Rare. 



