LITERARY NOTICES. 



705 



tem which now exists in the United States. 

 It endeavors to state the circumstances un- 

 der which the various tariff acts were passed, 

 the causes which made their enactment pos- 

 sible, and the changes of duty which they 

 brought about facts which may be familiar 

 enough to old citizens who have not shut 

 their eyes to them, but which can hardly be 

 known to the younger Americans who have 

 been taught that the protective policy is an 

 essential part of our institutions and pros- 

 perity. The author has opinions of his own 

 on the subject, which he has not concealed, 

 but which he has tried not to allow to dis- 

 tort his statements of facts. 



The History op the Surplus Revenue of 

 1837. By Edward G. Bourne. New 

 York and London : G. P. Putnam's Sons. 

 Pp. 161. Price, $1.25. 



The proposition has been made within 

 the past two years, instead of reducing our 

 revenue, now too large for the legitimate 

 needs of the Government, to continue col- 

 lecting the surplus to form a fund for dis- 

 tribution among the States. A similar 

 experiment was tried onoe before in the 

 history of our country, with disastrous re- 

 sults ; but men's memories are short in po- 

 litical and financial history, and the story 

 has been forgotten except by students. Mr. 

 Bourne's book appears opportunely to bring 

 the lesson back to mind, and warn such 

 persons as need the warning and would heed 

 it. In the main it is a relation of facts, 

 showing how the surplus was disposed of in 

 the several States which shared in the dis- 

 tribution, and what came of the dispositions. 



Proceedings op the Colorado Scientific 

 Society. Vol. I, 1883 and 1884. Den- 

 ver: Published by the Society, Whit- 

 man Cross, Secretary. Pp. 147, with 

 Plate. 



The Colorado Scientific Society was 

 formed in December, 1882, "for tjhe promo- 

 tion of scientific intercourse, observation, 

 and record in the State of Colorado." From 

 the twelve original members it increased 

 during the first year to a body of thirty- 

 one members. The contents of the present 

 volume of its proceedings are well described 

 by Mr. S. F. Emmons, its first year's presi- 

 dent, in his retiring address, as " interesting 

 and instructive papers upon new methods 

 vol. xxvii. 45 



in the chemical investigation of metals ; 

 on the geology and manner of occurrence 

 of ores in Colorado mining districts, and 

 the discovery of minerals not only new in 

 this part of the world, but some new to 

 science ; upon glacial phenomena in Colo- 

 rado ; upon the geology and volcanic phe- 

 nomena of the far-distant Dutch possessions 

 in the East Indies ; and suggestions with re- 

 gard to the home question of the supply of 

 water from artesian wells to be expected in 

 Denver." 



The Museum, Vol. I, Nos. 1 and 2, May and 

 June, 1885. Philadelphia: William F. 

 Fell & Co. Pp. 16 each number. Price, 

 15 cents ; $1.50 a year. 



The " Museum " is an illustrated month- 

 ly journal for collectors of all classes and 

 young naturalists. The numbers before us 

 bear the marks of good editing and efforts 

 to secure original contributions from men 

 whose names carry authority in their re- 

 spective departments of research. 



Symbolism and Science. By Lloyd P.. 

 Smith. Philadelphia : Privately printed. 

 Pp. 23. 



This essay was originally read as a pa- 

 per before the Germantown Science and 

 Art Club. The author's purpose was t' 

 call attention, " rather by way of suggestion 

 than otherwise," to the subject of the eso- 

 teric or symbolical method of teaching pur- 

 sued originally in the East, and the perni- 

 cious effects it has had on the progress of 

 true knowledge even down to our own time. 



Lessons in Hygiene. By John C. Cutter, 

 M. D. Philadelphia : J. B. Lippinoott 

 Company. Pp. 180. Price, 50 cents. 



This is an elementary text-book, adapt- 

 ed for common schools, on the maintenance 

 of health, with the rudiments of anatomy 

 and physiology, and the treatment of emer- 

 gent cases, and lessons on the action of 

 stimulants and sedatives on the brain and 

 nervous system. It presents the essential 

 facts concerning bathing, clothing, air, water, 

 food, cooking, home - construction, mental 

 work, physical exercise, eye-work, conta- 

 gious disease, filth-disease, disinfection, tea, 

 tobacco, chloral, alcoholics, ete., as bearing 

 upon the maintenance of health and the 

 prevention of disease. The practical is 

 prominent throughout. 



