CESTODE AND NEMATODE PARASITES. (i3 



The "neck" is followed by an armed region - 2 millim. long. This has eight 

 longitudinal rows of characteristic Echinubothrium teeth, with their basal process, 

 their long tine point and the two side rods at right angles to the rest. The number 

 of teeth in each row was either twelve or thirteen. The armed region was greater 

 in circumference than the neck. Behind it the body soon broke up into proglottides, 

 and of these seven or eight could be recognized as distinct. They increase very 

 rapidly in size, and in our mounted specimen the seventh proglottis is 0'75 millim. in 

 length and 0'2 in breadth, and occupies a bulk of about one half to one third the 

 rest of the body. The only internal organs visible are the testes, arranged much as 

 those ni' IS. musteli, as figured by Pintner,* the cirrus bulb and the cirrus. When 

 the latter was exserted, it was seen to bear very numerous minute recurved hooks 

 (fig. 57). The two points in which this Cestode differs from the other members of the 

 genus, e.g., E. ajfine, E. typus, E. brachysoma and E. musteli are the complete 

 absence of any spines on the head,t and the presence of the naked region or " neck " 

 between the head and the armed region of the body. On the other hand, the shape 

 of the head with its four projecting lappets and its intervening two spoon-like 

 depressions, the armed region, the shape of the teeth, the number of the rows of 

 teeth, the number of the proglottides, the arrangement of the testes, all resemble 

 what we know of the genus, and justify us in including this amongst the species 

 of Ech inobotJiritim. 



The diagnosis of Echinobothrium rhinoptera is as follows : 



No spines on the head. An unarmed region, the " neck," separates the head from 

 the toothed region. Teeth in eight longitudinal rows, about twelve to thirteen in 

 each row. 



Habitat : The intestine of Bhinoptera javanica, Mull, and Henle, taken in 

 Dutch Bay, Ceylon, on January 10, 1905. 



Eniochobothrium, n. gen. 



Small Cestode, ranging from 6 millims. to 12 millims. in length. Head unarmed, 

 with four suckers, rostellum conspicuous. Body divided into several regions, first 

 a narrow neck of three or four segments ; secondly, an oval region of eighteen 

 segments, which get broader until about the tenth proglottis and then narrow again 

 the segments of this region overlap like a many-caped cloak ; thirdly, a second 

 very narrow region of eighteen segments, all about the same size ; fourthly, the 

 reproductively ripe region of six to eight segments rapidly maturing and becoming 

 very large, the last, and in some cases the last two, being as large as the rest of the 

 body. The reproductive pores are lateral and alternating ; the cirrus bulb and cirrus 

 are very large, and the latter has a broad band of chitinous spicules. 



* ' Arb. Inst. Wien,' viii., 1888. 



t These may have fallen off, but no trace of them was observed in the fresh state. 



