392 THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



once to their destination, but abide for some time near the house 

 of death. They climb from rock to rock, and clamber from tree 

 to tree, subsisting upon such stuff as they can gather up, and try- 

 ing by night to get back into the house. They do this in order, if 

 possible, to possess the person most closely connected with them, 

 or his soul. Thus, for example, the deceased husband wants to 

 take his wife, the wife her husband, the son his parents, etc., into 

 the other world with him. They consequently believe that serious 

 illness is caused by the efforts of a dead relative to entice the soul 

 out of the body. 



As soon as the doctor has come into the hut of the sick man 

 a young hen is offered him, which he slaughters in honor of the 

 venerable ruler of the death kingdom of Kadungayan. He ex- 

 amines the fowl's entrails and then pronounces his diagnosis, but 

 not before he has made himself acquainted with the condition of 

 the patient, saying something like this : " The soul of the patient, 

 having looked upon his grandfather's (or his son's, etc.) soul, is at 

 such a place. It is necessary, in order to bring him back, to 

 slaughter so many swine and a buffalo," etc. At the same time 

 he takes the guitar already spoken of and makes a terrible racket 

 on it ; then declares, " Behold the sick man's soul has taken leave 

 of the soul of his dead grandfather " (or whatever relative it may 

 be) " to return it is already nearing the patient." If the patient 

 has a turn for the worse, the medicine-man is called a second 

 time, and declares that his soul has gone away again ; that it is 

 restrained by this or that spirit ; that it seems to be already at 

 home in the other life, or is about to unite with the spirit of the 

 deceased relative. More pigs, more buffaloes, must be killed to 

 move the soul to come back. Many well persons participate in 

 the consumption of the sacrificed animals, and the sacrificing 

 priest manages to convey the lion's share of the meat to his own 

 house. The families of patients often become heavily indebted in 

 consequence of these offerings. 



The Quianganes believe in the reality of dreams, particularly 

 if they relate to the life beyond. Thus a sick man told that he 

 dreamed that his soul had gone up to the sky, where it had feasted 

 itself and drunk to intoxication. The other souls, which lived in 

 houses built in the Quiangane style, did the same. He also ob- 

 served that Quianganes whose heads had been cut off in battle 

 with the Mayoyaos had new heads, but very small ones. The 

 pleasant belief prevails that the " substance " of the wine called 

 bubud prepared by them is peculiarly enjoyed by the spirits and 

 demons. The belief furnishes them with convenient excuses for 

 indulgence. The occasions for the most profuse consumption of 

 bubud are the beginning of field-work, when cattle according to 

 the means of the farmer are also slaughtered, in cases of illness 



