PHYLOGENY. 155 



keys (Cebidae), and possibly of the Old World monkeys 

 also. The superior molars of the Anaptomorphus are 

 tritubercular, while the premolars, canines, and in- 

 cisors are essentially anthropomorphous, and rather 

 human than simian. Anaptomorphus is probably at 

 the same time the ancestor of the Malaysian lemurine 

 genus Tarsius, and M. Topinard remarks that Tarsius 

 has as good claims to be regarded as ancestral to 

 Homo as Anaptomorphus. But M. Topinard must be 

 aware that in the existing genus the character of the 

 canine and incisive dentition is very unlike that of the 

 Anaptomorphus and Homo. It is specialized in a 

 different direction. The dentition of Anaptomorphus 

 being so generalized as compared with Tarsius, I sus- 

 pect that its skeleton will be found to present corre- 

 sponding characters. Of course, if it be found here- 

 after to have the foot structure of Tarsius (which I do 

 not anticipate), it cannot be included in the ancestry 

 of the Anthropomorpha. 



It must be further observed that the ancestral line 

 of the Anthropomorpha cannot be traced through any 

 existing type of Lemuridae, but through the extinct 

 forms of the Eocene period. 1 This is on account of 

 the peculiar specialization of the inferior canines, which 

 are incisor-like, and because of the peculiar character 

 of the incisors themselves, in the modern lemurs in 

 the restricted sense. But we have numerous lemurine 

 types of the Eocene of both America and Europe 

 which satisfy the conditions exactly, so far as the den- 

 tition is concerned. These are mostly referable to the 

 family Adapidae. 



Unfortunately, we do not know the entire skeletons 



1 On the Primitive Types of the Orders of the Mammalia Educabilia, 1873, 

 p. 8. 



