CHAPTER X. THE FUNCTION OF 

 CONSCIOUSNESS. 



i. CONSCIOUSNESS AND AUTOMATISM. 



CONSCIOUSNESS is a general term, which em- 

 braces all forms of self-knowledge. Sentiency is 

 sometimes used with an identical meaning. Conscious- 

 ness must be distinguished from self-consciousness, 

 which implies introspection. Consciousness may or 

 may not be characterised by attention. There are two 

 widely different types of consciousness, viz., the pre- 

 sentative and the representative. The former includes 

 sense-perception only; the latter includes all the com- 

 binations of sense-perception which characterize men- 

 tal action, from simple memory to the most compre- 

 hensive classification and conception. Most, if not 

 all, animals appear to possess sense-perception, and 

 all such possess the representative faculty of memory; 

 but the higher grades of representative mental function 

 are not so general among animals, and the extent of 

 their occurrence is yet in dispute. 



In the preceding pages I have endeavored to show 

 that the factors of evolution are bathmogenesis cor- 

 rected by natural selection. Bathmogenesis embraces 

 the two factors physiogenesis and kinetogenesis, or the 

 products of molecular and molar motion, respectively. 



