D8 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1888, 



The auricle and the hair growing from it need not be entirely 

 black. The margin only is black in the hoary bat (AtalajyJia cinerea) 

 and in Dldelphys. The hair upon the auricle may be entirely white 

 instead of black as in the North American badger (Taxiclea amer- 

 icana). The base of the auricle may be alone covered with black 

 hair as in the fox-terrier, or with tan as in the beagle. 



The auricular black in the dog may include the skin of the side 

 of the head for a variable distance and may cross the vertex and be 

 in common with the corresponding patch of the opposite side. This 

 arrangement interrupts the dorsi-facial white stripe. Tlie appear- 

 ance of black, tan or white spots on the vertex surrounded by patches 

 of a contrasted color form "points" of breeding in some of the var- 

 ieties of the dog.^ 



May it not be expected that a connection can be traced between 

 the region of the obeleon and the pineal eye ? Embryology teaches 

 that the j^resence of various color marks of the skin appear before 

 many of the more important deej^jcr organs, and that the species 

 to wdiich an embryo belongs can be determined before the genus. 

 The occasional reappearance in the dog of a patch of pigment at 

 the spot at which an organ of special sense appeared in a remote 

 ancestor, but which has no functional expression in the living de- 

 scendant, is in harmony with many of the conclusions drawn from the 

 data presented in this paper. 



The Sides of the Body. — In Pecora tlie sides of the abdomen and 

 chest are variously stripped and spotted when the body elsewhei'e, 

 is diffei'ently marked. The young of the boar (Sus scroja) is striped 

 on the body. Lateral stripes are also seen in Coelogenys, and 

 in Tamias and Spermophilas. JNIany varieties of domestic cattle 

 show white spots extending up from the sides of the body from the 

 ventre to variable distances. 



Is it likely that the dorsal marks of the horse and carnivores, 

 and the saddle marks of Thyalcinus, extending as they do downward 

 are opposed in Pecora'^ by the disposition of ventral marks which 

 extend upward? 



Nerve-Endings. — The white stripes on the foce in many South 

 American bats, in Lophiomys, in Taxidea, and in some varieties of 

 Mephitis, appear to be distinct from the simple contrast of color of 



' In a recent exhibition of dogs in Pliiladelpliia the vertex spot of the contrasted 

 color was seen in the pointer, the Irish setter and the beagle each twice, in the 

 spaniel and fox terrier each once. 



' An exception is seen in Antilope scriptus, which has white saddle marks. 



