150 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1888. 



The intermediate and dorsal layers are closely fused, as in Car- 

 nivora generally. The combined systems apparently send a flexor 

 brevis head to the sesamoid and phalanx, on each side of each digit, 

 but the exact homology of the long tendons which run back to the 

 extensor system is, with the exception of abductor minimi digiti, not 

 easily interpreted. These latter are two to every digit, one on each 

 side, and as a rule, show no superiority in size or distinctness on 

 either side ; they are inserted into the extensor tendon near the end 

 of the finger, and are commonly derived from that portion of the 

 muscle which lies nearest the bone, so that they wind around the 

 palmar surface of the flexor brevis in their course. Which repi'eseut 

 interossei and which do not, is not plain. 



In the pollex, the long tendon of the radial side inserts partly on 

 the base of the proximal phalanx, and partly continues as a cord, 

 which quickly changes to yellow elastic tissue and inserts into the 

 distal phalanx as a retractor ligament, in common with the main ex- 

 tensor tendon. On the ulnar side the corresponding band seems to 

 contract no tendinous union with the proximal phalanx, but contin- 

 ues directly to the distal as the elastic retractor ligament — very 

 suggestive facts, especially as most of the " long tendons " in the other 

 fingers terminate in the extensor system just at the point where the 

 retractor ligaments commence, while in the foot as mentioned below, 

 several of them are more or less continuous with the retractors. 



In the minimus the place of the ulnar long tendon is taken by the 

 abductor 7nimimi digiti, which rises from the pisiform bone and ac- 

 quiring scarcely any union with the phalanx, inserts into the tendon 

 of the extensor minimi digiti. The long tendon on the radial side 

 is more delicate than usual. 



The flexor brevis pollicis and the outer flexor muscle of the 3rd, 

 each derive, in the left hand at least, a small head of origin from 

 the adductor mass. 



Hip and Leg. Of the proximal muscles, only a few show points 

 worthy of mention. 



Gluteals maximus sends both of its divisions to the great trochan- 

 ter, there being no continuation by fascia down the thigh. 



Gemellus anterior remains distinct from the tendon of the obtura- 

 tor internus, and inserts separately into the anterior border of the 

 great trochanter in common with the pyriformis. The posterior 

 gemellus, however, joins the obturator tendon, and is quite distinct 

 from the anterior. 



