1918.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 135 



General ruled tliat the appropriation items were so liberal in their 

 wording that the purchasing of diphtheria antitoxin would be per- 

 missible. Stations were established in all populous centers in the 

 Commonwealth and antitoxin was placed within the reach of all 

 Pennsylvania doctors for use in treating the poor. 



Divisions of Accounting and Purchasing and Supplies. — From 

 the very beginning of the Department's organization up to the 

 present time systematic keeping and auditing of accounts, and 

 purchasing and distribution of supplies were carried out with pre- 

 cision creditable to a large business concern. Two divisions were 

 devoted to this portion of the Department's business and work, 

 thus giving the executives of the other divisions all of their time 

 for essential public health details. 



So firmly had the organization worked out in 1905 been estab- 

 lished by 1907, that when the Legislature of that year came to 

 fulfill the campaign pledges of both great political organizations 

 to support an anti-tuberculosis campaign, they deliberately voted 

 $1,000,000 to the Department of Health to start the work. This 

 was done so that the organization incident to the conducting of a 

 chain of dispensaries and the building of tuberculosis sanatoria 

 for the poor might be worked out along the same lines followed in 

 the organization of the new Health Department. To properly 

 undertake this new line of work, two new divisions were organized 

 — one of Tuberculosis Sanatoria and the other of Dispensaries. 



This tuberculosis work lay nearest Dr. Dixon's heart and into 

 its organization he put the best that was in him. Tweiity-three 

 hundred free beds in three great sanatoria in the Pennsylvania 

 mountains, and one hundred and fifteen dispensaries, each with its 

 quota of physicians and nurses, followed. 



The work of these various divisions was extended and broadened 

 from time to time, each division taking on its new load as directed 

 by the Commissioner. Year after year elapsed. Dr. Dixon being 

 appointed by Governor after Governor, and from time to time 

 the Legislature broadened and made heavier the load by providing 

 additional lines of work and liberal funds for its execution. 



In 1915 a Bureau of Housing was created. An organization had 

 to be planned to direct work over the entire State with the exception 

 of first class cities, working for the most part through local health 

 organizations in boroughs, second and third class cities. The 

 Bureau was planned to improve living conditions of the poor, and 

 especially to improve sanitary conditions as affecting the lives 

 and health of infants and children and of workers. 



