A NEW PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESS. 441 



being furnished bj r women. The difference between the mass of the 

 brain of man and that of the gorilla is proportionally, perhaps, the great- 

 est that exists to separate the two. It has been considered by Huxley 

 to approximate to twelve ounces. But the difference between the ex- 

 tremes of brain-weight in man, as exemplified in the figures here given, 

 shows that we cannot consider intelligence to depend on the weight of 

 the brain. All that we can say is, that a man with a large brain has 

 capacity for the display of intelligence. It depends on his use of the 

 senses, which are the feeders of the intellect, whether he displays high 

 wisdom or not. It is quite possible that an ape may be more intelli- 

 gent than a human being who has not properly supplied his brain with 

 information. Human beings born dumb and blind are not born ipso 

 facto intelligent, but are taught with great trouble and patience 

 through the channels of the remaining senses. The facts known in 

 regard to afflicted persons are amply sufficient to warrant the state- 

 ment that the intelligence depends on the senses, and if these are in- 

 terfered with, either in the structure of the organs, or by giving them a 

 limited opportunity for activity, you have, as a result, less intelligence 

 in the individual, be it man or ape, or other animal. We can show that 

 the difference between man and apes is a quantitative and not a quali- 

 tative one. 



-+*+- 



A NEW PHOTOGKAPHIC PROCESS. 1 



SO manifold are now the uses of photography that we need not 

 dwell upon the importance of processes which allow of the em- 

 ployment of easily-handled apparatus, and which do awa} r with cum- 

 bersome and fragile glass plates. Deyrolle's photographic process, 

 described below, answers all the requirements of portability. 



The idea of substituting sensitive paper for heavy, brittle plates of 

 glass is not new, but all the processes hitherto offered labor under the 

 serious disadvantage of necessitating a long exposure. Besides, the 

 proofs are usually imperfect on account of the granulations which the 

 paper leaves on the positive. M. Deyrolle's collodionized paper does 

 not present these difficulties. It is covered with a special coating, 

 insoluble in ether, alcohol, or water, and thus it undergoes all the opera- 

 tions of photography without change. This paper is collodionized and 

 treated precisely as though it were glass. It is, in fact, quite equal to 

 glass plate for the uses of photography, and in addition possesses the 

 following advantages : 



The layer of collodion is so firmly attached to the coating of the 

 paper that it cannot be injured by contact with a hard object, nor even 

 by slight friction. Besides, the picture can be developed by total im- 



] Translated from La Nature by J. Fitzgerald, A. M. 



