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Eeport on Forestry. By F. B. Hough. Wash- 

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Manual of the Apiary. By Prof. A. J. Cook* 

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POPULAR MISCELLANY. 



Archaeological Researches in the Great 

 American Bottom. The alluvial plain known 

 as the " Great American Bottom," lying on 

 the east side of the Mississippi, in Illinois, 

 between Alton on the north and Chester on 

 the south, and having an average width of 

 eight or nine miles, is a region of wonderful 

 fertility now, and the remains of ancient oc- 

 cupation there abundantly found prove that 

 the mound-builders were not blind to the 

 agricultural value of this remarkable tract. 

 It was indeed " one of their greatest seats of 

 empire," in the language of Mr. H. R. How- 

 land, who has published, in the Bulletin of 

 the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences, an 

 account of certain notable archaeological re- 

 searches made in the "American Bottom." 

 The mounds in this tract seem to have been 

 divided into three principal groups : one ly- 

 ing within the limits of East St. Louis; 

 another on the banks of Long Lake, twelve 

 miles northward ; and the third one of the 

 most extraordinary groups in this country 

 between Indian Lake and Cahokia Greek, 

 some six miles from the Mississippi, and eight 

 miles to the northeast of East St. Louis. In 

 this last group is the great Cahokia Mound, 

 by far the most important monument left 

 by the mound-builders. The several groups 

 are connected by lines of mounds at irregu- 

 lar intervals, and the total number is at least 

 two hundred. Some two or three years ago 

 Mr. Howland, having learned that one of the 

 mounds in the second group was being re- 

 moved to procure material for road-making, 

 repaired to the spot and found the work of 

 destruction already well advanced. In the 

 mean time some interesting discoveries had 

 been made. At the height of four or five 

 feet above the base of the mound the work- 

 men came upon a considerable deposit of 

 human bones, and on the same level were 

 discovered a number of valuable relics, 

 many of them wrapped in a sort of matting. 

 This was made of a coarse, cane-like fibre, 

 simply woven without twisting, the flat 

 strands measuring about one-eighth inch in 



