NATURAL SCIENCES OF PniLADELPIITA. 11 



(Titanofherium ?a)icepi<) is a Proboscirlian, without giving any 

 reasons therefor. The speaker, in describing the genus Eobcmleus 

 (Proc. Amer. Philos. Society, August 20, 1872) referred it to the 

 Proboscidia, giving as reasons the structure of the bones of the 

 leg and foot, and of the posterior part of the skull. Prof. Marsli 

 (1. c. Aug. 24) refers his species again to the Proboscidia^ stating 

 as a reason, "that the limbs resemble those of Masiodon^^^ and lie 

 refers it to a genus Ti^ioceras^ without description. Later (1. c. 

 Sept. 21, 1872), Prof. Marsh refers these animals to a new order, 

 Dinoceria {IDinocerata)^ withdrawing them from the Proboscidia. 

 Lastly, he stated, at a meeting of the American Philosophical 

 Societ}", Dec. 20, 1872), that this order differs from Proboscidia 

 in the presence of canine teeth and horus, and the absence of in- 

 cisors. 



Until further evidence is presented, I adhere to m}^ original 

 position, that these animals are true Proboscidia. and cannot be 

 referred to any other order. The reasons are as follows: 



1. The malar bone is rod-like, and forms the middle element of 



the zygomatic arch. 



2. The cervical vertebrte are exceedingly short and transverse. 



3. In the distally expanded ulna supporting much of the carpus, 



and the slender radius crossing it to the outer side. 



4. The femur is without third trochanter. 



5. Its condyles are contracted, and the narrow intercond^dar 



fissure is prolonged far forwards. 



6. The spine of the tibia is wanting, and the glenoid cavities 



separated by a longitudinal keel. 



7. The astragalus is not hour-glass shaped above, but with a uni- 



form face. 



8. The short plantigrade calcaneum. 



9. The phalanges are short and stout, and represent several toes. 



To these may be added three external characters which directl}^ 

 result from the osteological, viz. : 



10. The possession of a proboscis. This is proven bj'' the very 



short cervical vertebra?, and by the fact that the nasal and pre- 

 maxillary bones are deeply excavated at their extremities, 

 with surrounding osseous eminences, for the origin of the 

 muscles of the trunk, and by the extreme stoutness of the 

 nasal bones. 



11. The extension of the femur below tlie body, so that the leg 



Avas extended with the knee below and free from the body, 

 as in elephants, monkeys, and men. 



12. The short i)lantigrade foot, so ditlereut from that seen in otlier 

 divisions of Ungulata. 



Other characters, common to Proboscidia and some other un- 

 gulates, are: 



