288 



THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



An interesting account was given by the 

 Rev. E. Jones, in the British Association, of 

 his exploration of the Elbolten Cave, in 

 Craven. The first chamber, the one exam- 

 ined, is between thirty and forty feet long, 

 and from seven to thirteen feet wide. Rel- 

 ics, including remains of about a dozen men, 

 were found in two strata. Among the ob- 

 jects discovered most worthy of notice were 

 remains of a hearth, neolithic pottery, vari- 

 ously ornamented and coated with charcoal 

 on the inside ; pot-boilers made of rounded 

 grit with marks of fire ; pieces of silurian 

 slates . that may have been used for the 

 sharpening of bone implements ; and pieces 

 of bone, one of which was undoubtedly 

 used to ornament pottery. 



A committee has been formed to place a 

 marble bust of Richard Jeffries in Salisbury 

 Cathedral. It is to cost $750, toward which 

 subscriptions are invited. 



M. Marey has succeeded in photograph- 

 ing the movements of an animal under wa- 

 ter, taking proofs at the rate of fifty in a 

 second, with exposures of from inuro" to joW 

 of a second. A set of twelve photographs 

 gives all the phases of the undulations which 

 the medusa impresses upon its umbrella of a 

 locomotor apparatus. Another series ex- 

 hibits a squid leaping out of the water. A 

 ray has been taken in profile while waving 

 the edges of its flat body ; and the curious 

 mode of progression of a comatula has been 

 taken. 



A law was announced several years ago 

 by 31. V. Ncyreneuf relative to the flow of 

 sound through thin cylindrical pipes, which 

 proved identical with the law declared by 

 Poiseuille for the flow of liquids through 

 capilliary tubes. In a later memoir the for- 

 mer author has sought to determine the 

 sounds to be used and the precautions to be 

 taken for giving their flow a well-defined 

 character. He also describes experiments 

 with pipes of varying lengths and diameters, 

 and experiments upon the effect of the kind 

 and substance of the pipe. 



Mr. St. George Mivart has been ap- 

 pointed Professor of the Philosophy of Nat- 

 ural History in the University of Louvain, 

 Belgium. 



Prof. Marsh gave an account to the 

 British Association of the gigantic Ceratop- 

 sidce, or horned dinosaurs, which he had iden- 

 tified in the Laramie beds, near the Rocky 

 Mountains. The Association gave him a vote 

 of thanks for his instructive communication. 



Dr. Frith iof Nansen, the Norwegian ex- 

 plorer whose achievement in crossing Green- 

 land from the eastern to the western shore 

 resulted in considerable additions to knowl- 

 edge, is preparing to start in the spring of 

 1892 on an expedition the main object of 

 which will be to reach the north pole. 



It is shown by Prof. A. Milnes Marshall 

 that there is great variability in nearly allied 

 animals, and even in individuals of the same 

 species. In proof, he refers to the difference 

 between the French edible frog and the 

 British frog, and says that the question as 

 to which of these was the primitive form 

 is a subject for interesting study. 



OBITUARY NOTES. 



Miss Marianne North, a distinguished 

 English botanist, traveler, and artist, died 

 August 30th. Her career may be said to 

 have begun in 1S69, when she started to 

 travel with a view of illustrating the flora of 

 some countries not then perfectly known. 

 She visited on different excursions Teneriffe, 

 Brazil, the West Indies, California, India, Cey- 

 lon, Borneo, Java, Japan, Australia, and the 

 Seychelles, and brought back at various times 

 during twelve years collections of drawings 

 in oils and water-colors of the scenery, vege- 

 tation, and flora which she had studied in 

 their several habitats. In 1881 she presented 

 a series of 627 pictures to the nation, for 

 which she erected a gallery in Kew Gardens 

 at her own expense. 



Thomas Carnelley, Professor of Chem- 

 istry in the University of Aberdeen, died 

 August 27th, at the age of thirty-eight years. 

 He was born in Manchester, England ; had a 

 brilliant career in Owens College ; received 

 the Dalton Chemical scholarship in 1872 

 for his original investigation of the vana- 

 dates of thallium ; and gained it for another 

 year, on examination ; was private assistant 

 to Prof. Roscoe, and, having studied abroad, 

 became professor in succession at Owens 

 College, the North Staffordshire School of 

 Science, Firth College, Sheffield, University 

 College, Dundee, and the University of Aber- 

 deen. He prosecuted valuable researches in 

 the extension and application of Mendeleef's 

 periodic law ; made chemical and bacterio- 

 logical examinations of the air of dwellings, 

 schools, etc., in Dundee and its district, which 

 aroused interest in ventilation ; and be- 

 sides many contributions to English and for- 

 eign chemical journals, published a large 

 book on certain physical constants of chem- 

 ical compounds. 



Signor Orazio Silyestri, a distin- 

 guished chemist and vulcanologist, recently 

 died at Catania, Sicily, at the age of fifty- 

 five years. He was an industrious student of 

 the eruptions of Mount Etna, and founded 

 the laboratory on top of the mountain at 

 the height of upward of 13,000 feet. 



Prof. Carl Frederik Fearnley, of the 

 University of Christiania, an eminent Nor- 

 wegian astronomer, died August 23d, in his 

 seventy-third year. He was the author of 

 numerous astronomical and meteorological 

 publications, and had been Professor of As- 

 tronomy at the university since 1857. 



