THE ARYAN QUESTION AND PREHISTORIC MAN. 353 



and later, the restless Hellene had been fighting, trading, plunder- 

 ing, and kidnapping, on both sides of the JEgean, and perhaps as 

 far as the shores of Syria and of Egypt, it is probable that, even 

 at the dawn of history, the maritime Greeks were a very mixed 

 race. On the other hand, the Dorians may well have preserved 

 the original type ; and their famous migration may be the earliest 

 known example of those movements of the Aryan race which 

 were, in later times, to change the face of Europe. Analogy per- 

 haps justifies a guess that those ethnological shadows, the Pe- 

 lasgi, may have been an earlier mixed population, like that of 

 western Gaul and of Britain before the Teutonic invasion. At 

 any rate, the tall blond long-heads are so well represented in the 

 oldest history of the Balkan Peninsula that they may be credited 

 with the Aryan languages spoken there. And it may be that the 

 tradition which peopled Phrygia with Thracians represents a real 

 movement of the Aryan race into Asia Minor, such as that which 

 in after-years carried the Gauls thither. 



The difficulties in the way of a probable identification of the 

 people among whom the various dialects of the Latin group de- 

 veloped themselves, with any race traceable in Italy in historical 

 times, are very great. In addition to the ItaMc " aborigines " 

 northern Italy was peopled by Ligurian brunet broad-heads ; 

 with Gauls, probably, to a large extent, blond long-heads ; with 

 Illyrians, about whom nothing is known. Besides these, there 

 were those perplexing people the Etruscans, who. seem to have 

 been, originally, brunet long-heads. South Italy and Sicily pre- 

 sent a contingent of " Sikels," Phoenicians and Greeks; while over 

 all, in comparatively modern times, follows a wash of Teutonic 

 blood. The Latin dialects arose, no one knows how, among the 

 tribes of central Italy, encompassed on all sides by people of the 

 most various physical characters, who were gradually absorbed 

 into the eternally widening maw of Rome, and there, by dint of 

 using the same speech, became the first example of that wonder- 

 ful ethnological hotch-potch miscalled the Latin race. The only 

 trustworthy guide here is archaeological investigation. A great 

 advance will have been made when the race characters of the pre- 

 historic people of the terremare (who are identified by Helbig * 

 with the primitive Umbrians) become fully known. 



I can not learn that the ancient literatures of India and of 

 Persia give any definite information about the complexion of the 

 Lido-Iranians, beyond conveying the impression that they were 

 what we vaguely call white men. But it is important to note 



* Die Italiker in der Poebene, 1879. See, for much valuable information respecting 

 the races of the Balkan and Italic Peninsula?, Zampa's essay, Verglcichcnde anthropolo- 

 gische Ethnographie von Apulien, Zcitschrift fur Ethnologic, xviii, 18S6. 

 vol. xxxviii. 25 



