INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF AMERICANISTS. 685 



herds of these animals have been surrounded and entrapped 

 together. In such a case, instead of uniting in one grand charge 

 upon the barriers, they keep coldly aloof from each other. 



The penalty of banishment occasionally inflicted upon an evil- 

 doer by a community, whether of elephants, buffaloes, or rooks, 

 involves in its very essence the idea of nationality. Where there 

 is no patria, there can be no expatriation. Any group of beings 

 must feel themselves a community before they could inflict exile 

 upon an offending member. 



+ 



INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OP AMERICANISTS. 



THE International Congress of Americanists was formed at 

 Nancy, in France, in 1875, for the historical, archaeological, 

 ethnographical, and linguistic study of the two Americas. Its 

 subsequent meetings haye been held successively at Luxemburg, 

 Copenhagen, Madrid, Turin, Brussels, and Berlin. The last, the 

 eighth meeting, was held in Paris, beginning October 14th. M. 

 de Quatrefages presided, and delivered the opening address, which 

 was published in the Monthly for January. French American- 

 ists were well represented among the participants by Lucien 

 Adam, the Comte de Charency, Remi Simeon, Le'on de Rosny, 

 Alphonse Pinart, Desire* Charnay, and Dr. Jourdanet ; German, 

 by Schoene, Drs. Hellmann, Joest, Seler, Ehrenreich, Grempler, 

 Herr Kunne, and Virchow. M. Fabri, now occupying a cabinet 

 position at home, was missed from the Spanish delegation. Mem- 

 bers were present from Holland, Denmark, Italy, Switzerland ; 

 Dr. Brinton and Mr. H. A. M. Phillips from the United States ; 

 Don Ignacio Altamirano, an Aztec, and Dr. Penafid, from Mexico ; 

 Senor Manuel de Peralta, from Costa Rica ; and others, not named 

 in Das Ausland's account, from other South American states. 



The first question discussed was the one, now of several years' 

 standing, of the origin of the name of America. M. Paul Marcou 

 and M. Lambert de Saint-Bris, it will be remembered, had ad- 

 vanced the hypothesis that, instead of being derived from Amer- 

 igo Vespucci, who was also called Alberigo, the name is of native 

 origin, and came really from roots which were also represented in 

 the Ameriqui Mountains of Venezuela, Lake Maracaybo, and the 

 region of Amaracapan in Central America. As against this sup- 

 position, M. Jimenez showed that the name of the Ameriqui 

 Mountains did not appear on the oldest maps. Other respondents 

 showed that the name of Ameriqui was not known to the official 

 authorities of Venezuela, and that it is written in a different 

 shape (Amerisque) in documents of very modern date. Testi- 



