2 26 



HARD J VI CKE 'S S CIE NCE ■ G SSI P. 



Wren doth fight with an Eagle contending for 

 soueraignty ? Would it not make men to reverence a 

 good king set over them by God ? Seeing the bees 

 seek out their king if he loose himself, and by a most 

 sagacious smelling sence never cease untill he be 

 found out, and then beare him upon their bodies if he 

 be not able to fly, but if he die all forsake him. And 

 what king is not united to clemency and dehorted 

 from tyranny, seeing the king of the bees hath a sting 

 but never useth the same ? . . . . I have followed 

 D. Gesner as neer as I could, I do professe him my 

 author in most of my stories, yet I have gathered vp 

 that which he let fal, and added many pictures and 

 stories as may apeare by conference of both together. 

 In the names of the beasts I have not swarved from 

 him at all. He was a Protestant Physitian (a rare 

 thing to find any Religion in a Physitian) although 

 Saint Luke a Physitian were a writer of the 



Gospell — Your Chaplaine in the Church of 



Saint Buttolphe, Aldergate, Edward Topsell." 



In the "Epistle to the Learned ReaJas'' he 

 gives "the Catalogue of the Authors which have 

 wrote of Beasts," viz., Hebrew, Greek, Latin, Ger- 

 man, Italian, French, and the following English 

 writers, Edward Wooton, William Turner, M.D., 

 John Estwyck, John Falconer, M.D., Thomas 

 Bonham, M.D. Thomas Gybson, M. D. 



The Rev. E. Topsell adopts a very simple arrange- 

 ment, viz., an alphabetical one, thus avoiding all the 

 troubles of orders, families, and genera. The first 

 animal he describes is the Antelope. "The Antalope 

 called in Latin Calopus, and of the Grecians 

 Analopos or Aptolos. Of this beast there is no 

 mention made among the auncient writers except 

 Suidas and the Epistle of Alexander to Aristotle, 

 interpreted by Cornelius Nepolius. The vertues of 

 this beast are vnknowne, and therefore Suidas saith 

 an Antalope is but good in part." 



The woodcut represents the animal with slightly 

 curved horns conspicuously serrated on the upper 

 margins and a long tooth in the lower jaw. 



The next beast described, according to the author's 

 arrangement, is the Ape, of which he remarks that it 

 "is held for subtell, ironical, rediculous, and un- 

 profitable beast, whose flesh is not good for meate 

 as a sheep, neither his backe for burthern as an asses, 

 nor yet commodious to keep house like a dog, but 

 of the Graecians termed Gelotopioon, made for 

 laughter. 



And as the body of an Ape is ridiculous by reason 

 of an indecent likeness and imitation of man, so is his 

 soul or spirit ; for they are kept only in riche men's 

 houses to sport withall, being for that cause easily 

 tamed, following every action he seeth done, even to 

 his owne harm, without discretion." 



The female, the writer tells us, "mostly has twins, 

 whereof they loue the one and hate the other ; that 

 which they loue they beare in their armes, the other 

 hangs at the dam's back, and for the most part she 



killeth that which she loueth by pressing it to hard r 

 afterwards she setteth her whole delight upon the 

 other. 



The male and female abide with the young one, 

 and if it want anything, the male, with fist and irefull 

 aspect, punisheth the female. When the moone is in 

 the waine they are heauy and sorrowful, but they 

 leap and rejoice at the change, for, as other beasts, 

 so do these feare the defect of the starres and planets. 

 They are full of desimmulations and imitation of 

 man ; they readiler folow the euile then the good 

 they see. 



They loue conies very tenderly, for in England an 

 old ape (scarse able to goe) did defend conies from 

 the weasell, as Sir Thomas Moore reported. They 

 feare a shel-fish and a snaile very greatly, as appear- 

 eth by this history. 



In Rome, a certaine boy put a snaile in his hat and 

 came to an Ape, who, as he was accustomed, leaps 

 upon his shoulder and took off his hat to kil lise in 

 his head, but, espying the snaile, it was a wonder to 

 see with what hast the Ape leaped from the boyes' 

 shoulder and in a trembling manner looked backe to 

 see if the snaile followed him. 



A Lyon ruleth the beasts of the earth, and a 

 Dolphin the beasts of the sea. When the Dolphin is 

 in age and sicknes, she recovers by eating a sea-ape j 

 and so the Lyon by eating an ape of the earth, and 

 therefore, the Egyptians paint a Lyon eating an Ape 

 to signify a sicke man curing himself. The hart of 

 an ape, sod and dried, whereof the weight of a groat 

 drunk in a draught of stale Hunny sod in water, 

 called Mellicraion, strengthened the heart, embolden- 

 eth and driveth away the pulse and pusillanimity 

 thereof, sharpeneth ones understanding, and is 

 soueraigne against the falling euill." 



The following is a list of Apes described by 

 Topsell : — Vulgar ape, monkey ape, marline ape, 

 callitriche ape, Persian ape, baboun ape, Tartarine ape, 

 satyre ape, monster ape, Norwegian ape, pan ape, 

 sphinx ape, Sagon ape, ape called beare ape, ape 

 called foxe ape. Figures are given of these forms. 

 We need scarcely say that they were in the majority 

 of cases evolved from the artist's inner conscious- 

 ness. As a specimen, we give a copy of the head of 

 the Sphingu or Sphinx ape. Of this species the writer 

 gives the following description: — "The Sphinx, or 

 Sphiiiga, is of the kind of Apes hauing his body 

 rough like Apes, but his breast, up to his necke, pilde 

 (bald) and smooth without hayre : the face very 

 round, yet sharp and picked, hauing the breasts of a 

 woman, and their fauor or visage much like them." 



To the utter confusion of the anti-Darwinites, we 

 quote the following from the history of a Satyre ape, 

 clearly showing the existence of an intermediate form. 

 Topsell's authority for this is unimpeachable, for he 

 says: — " S. Ierom, in the life of Paul the Eremite, 

 reporteth there appeared to S. Antony an Hippo- 

 centaurc, such as the poets describe, and presently he 



