1919.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 169 



VALLONIA Risso (101). If the circulation of Leach's proof 

 sheets between 1820 and 1823 constituted publication, his name 

 Zurama would take precedence of VaUonia, but this view has not 

 generally been accepted and is not in accordance with the inter- 

 national rules for nomenclature. There seems to be no doubt, how- 

 ever, that the proof sheets were communicated to several of Leach's 

 correspondents and some of his names thus came into use before 

 the effectual publication of his manuscript by Gray in 1852. 



Vallonia ROSALIA Risso (102, fig. 30). Under this name Risso 

 included, as did many other naturalists before and later. Helix pul- 

 chella and H. costata of Miiller, which are now accepted as distinct 

 species. 



LEACHIA Risso (102), The name Leachia had already been 

 applied to a cephalopod by Lesueur in 1821. 



Leachia viridescens Risso (102, fig. 35), Leachia cornea Risso 

 (102, fig. 33), Leachia vitrea Risso (103), and Leachia lineolata 

 Risso (103). These four species are very puzzling. Bourguignat 

 was uncertain, and only gave a decided opinion in regard to L. lineo- 

 lata which he regarded as the Cyclosto7na patuhmi of Draparnaud 

 (var. A) a species of Pomatias. Gustave Dollfus believed that Risso 

 had in hand the Hydrohia acuta (Draparnaud), and that the first 

 two of his species should be united, difi'ering only in color. The 

 third species, as Locard has admitted, may be the Belgrandia vitrea 

 (Draparnaud). I think after an examination of these little shells 

 that Dollfus is right. 



Cyclostoma elegans (L.) Risso (103), Correct. 



Cyclostoma affinis Risso (104). Risso's carton carries both C. 

 elegans and C. sulcatum Draparnaud. I have only found this spe- 

 cies, living, on the right bank of the Var between Mougins and Anti- 

 bes, but apparently on the road to extinction. It occurs fossil in 

 the quaternary deposits of the region. 



Cyclostoma obtusum (Drap.) Risso (104). Very young speci- 

 mens of Cyclostoma sulcatum Draparnaud. 



Cyclas vitrea Risso (338). This is Pisiclium casertanum Poll, 

 according to Bourguignat. 



Cyclas amnica (L.) Risso (338). Pisidium amnicum of authors. 



Having passed in review all of Risso's fresh-water and terrestrial 

 species, it should be clearly understood that he had made known 

 12 



