224 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [DeC, 



SCROPHULARIACEiE OF THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES 



BY FRANCIS W. PENNELL. 



The present revision of the species of the Scrophulariacese occur- 

 ring in the southeastern portion of the United States, from North 

 Carohna to Florida and westward to the Mississippi River, is the 

 outgrowth of a long-continued and especial interest. Nearly fifteen 

 years ago, when the Avriter was a student in the Botanical Section 

 of The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, certain prob- 

 lems in this field appeared, and have waited for the solutions now 

 proposed. Perhaps this early connection will make more fitting 

 the appearance of this paper in these Proceedings. 



During the late summers and early autumns of 1912 and 1913, I 

 collected extensively through every state of this area. This was in 

 pursuit of a monographic study of the genera now called Macran- 

 thera, Dasistoma, Afzelia, Aureolaria, Agalinis and Otophylla. Nearly 

 every species was found, and descriptions made of the form and color 

 of the corolla of each. Later, almost every herbarium of significance 

 for these species has been reviewed, and the results are presented 

 with some confidence. A preliminary paper, dealing with the 

 species of the Coastal Plain, was published in the "Torrey Bulletin" 

 in 1913, and a summary of this group for North America is now 

 awaiting publication in the Contributions from the Botanical Labor- 

 atory of the University of Pennsylvania. 



In the course of these two trips many collections were made of the 

 nearly related Buchnera, and, less consistently, attention was given 

 to other genera of the family. But, to obtain field-descriptions and 

 to collect for the first time the spring-flowering species, another trip 

 was necessary. In the Spring of 1917 I traveled as far south as Key 

 West, and from the Coast into the Appalachians. The expedition 

 was peculiarly successful, so that now, excepting for a few local species 

 of the lowland, as Herpestis rotundifolia and several oi Agalinis, or of 

 the upland, as Ilysanthes saxicola and Pe?istemon snialUi, or of the 

 mountains in late summer, as Chelone lyoni, practically every species 

 has been described from flowering plants. 



Excluding Agalinis and its allies, specimens preserved in eastern 

 herbaria only have been reviewed. I have studied all in the her- 



