STATISTICAL DATA REGARDING THE SWEDISH FISHERIES. 33 



ing entirely for subsistence on this fishery. On the coast of the inner 

 Baltic, along the northern line of the Gulf of Bothnia, and on the island 

 of Gotland, the herring-fishery is partly carried on by persons living in 

 the interior, who, during the fishing-season come to the coast, and 

 partly by fishermen living permanently on the coast or on the small 

 islands near it. The Baltic herring are partly sold fresh, or smoked in 

 the towns on the coast, partly salted, packed in casks, and sent all over 

 the country, and of late years even exported to Germany. 



As salt herring constitutes the daily food of the Swedish peasants and 

 the lower classes in general, the amount secured in the country is not 

 sufficient, so that a considerable quantity must be imported from Nor- 

 way. 



Along the coast of Sweden, from Kalmar to Malon near Haparanda, 

 the herring fishery is carried on with 3,275 boats, and the annual yield 

 is about 66,500 tons of salt herring. In Blekinge there were salted in 

 1868, 47,732 tons of herring ; and in the Melmo and Christianstad dis- 

 tricts, where the herring fishery is carried on with 685 boats, there were 

 salted during the same year 13,600 tons. The greater portion of the 

 herring caught in the two districts last mentioned are sold fresh to the 

 inhabitants. On the island of Gotland, 1,911 persons, with 606 boatSj 

 are engaged in the herring-fishery, and the yield in 1869 amounted to 

 30,070 tons. 



It may be safely asssumed that on an average the total annual yield 

 of herring on the Swedish coasts of the Baltic amounts to 150,000 tons, 

 representing, according to last years' prices, a capital of $833,330. 

 Besides the herring fishery carried on in the Baltic, the Clupea harengus 

 and Clupea sprattus are caught during the autumn and winter in the 

 Kattegat near the coast of the province of Bohuslau. The Clupea sprat- 

 tus is partly used fresh and partly salted or pickled, as anchovies, of 

 which latter very large quantities have been Exported during late years. 

 The amount of herring caught near the coast of Bohuslau was, in 

 1871, valued at $24,680. 



4. The fisheries in the Kattegat and North Sea. — These fisheries are 

 partly carried on near the coast with smaller boats and partly out on 

 the Kattegat and along the western coast of Norway with larger ves- 

 sels, of from 20 to 40 tons, and manned by twelve or fourteen persons. 



The implement- used is the so-called " storbackan," a line with hooks 

 which is laid out ou the fishing-banks to the depth of 100 fathoms. 

 Muscles or pieces of fresh fish are used as bait. With this implement 

 they catch cod, ling, flounders, halibut, and other fish. Some of these 

 are sold fresh, but most of them having been salted either by Norwe- 

 gian or Bohuslau traders, are exported. Codliver oil is prepared from 

 tbe liver, and the roe is salted and exported to France to be used as 

 bait in fishing for sardines. In 1871 Bohuslan carried on the fishery in 

 the Kattegat and the North Sea with 126 boats, manned by 1,226 per- 

 sons. The amount of fish caught by them during the same year was 

 3 F 



