CONTENTS. 



Page. 



REPORT OP THE COMMISSIONER. (Table of contents precedes report) I 



APPENDIX A.— SEA FISHERIES AND THE FISHES AND INVERTEBRATES USED AS 



POOD 1 



I. Historical observations on the condition of the fisheries among the ancient Greekb 



and Romans and their mode of salting and pickling fish. By J. K. Smidth 3 



Introduction 3 



Classified groups of fishes , 8 



Caring processes 14 



Lobsters 1? 



Fish, oyster, and snail ponds 18 



tj . Statistics of the most important fisheries of the North Atlantic. By Carl Dam- 

 beck 21 



1. Norway • 21 



2. Sweden 21 



3. Denmark 22 



4. Germany 22 



5. Great Britain and Ireland 23 



6. Fiance 24 



7. North America 24 



TTT. On the fisheries of Norway •. 25 



IV. Statistical data regarding the Swedish fisheries 31 



Y, Account of the fisheries and seal-hunting in the White Sea, the Arctic Ocean, and 



the Caspian Sea. By Alexander Schultz 35 



A- The fisheries of the White Sea and the Petshora 36 



1. The herring 37 



2. Thesalmon 40 



3. Thenavaga (Qadtis navaga) and other salt-water fish *. 43 



4. River and lake fish 44 



B. Fisheries in the Arctic Ocean 44 



1. Fisheries on the Mourman coast 44 



2. Fisheries at Novaya-Zemlya 52 



Q. Fishing and seal-hunting in the Caspian Sea 58 



1. Fish found in the Caspian Sea 58 



2. Spawning-season of the fish in the Caspian Sea 61 



3. Wealth of fish in the Caspian Sea 62 



4. Estimated value of the fisheries in the Caspian Sea 63 



5. Fishing-basins of the Caspian Sea 64 



6. Fishing-implements 72 



7. Importance of a vataga (fishing-establishment) 80 



8. Preparing the fish and its several parts 82 



9. Market-price of fish and their products 90 



10. Price of fish as fixed by agreement between the fisherman and the fishing-houses 91 



11. Seal-hunting 92 



12. Manufacture of seal-oil 95 



VI. The Norwegian herring-fisheries. By A. I. Boeck and A. Feddersen 97 



VII. Preliminary report for 1873-74 on the herring and the herring-fisheries on the 



west coast of Sweden. By Axel Vilhelm Ljungnian 123 



1. On different species of herring and small-herring 125 



The spring-herring (Olupea majalis) 128 



The sea-herring (hafslottsill) 130 



The wandering-herring (Straksillen) 131 



Herring-spawning in autumn 133 



The large herring, or the so-called (ganila) herring, ( Olupea bohusica, Nilss) 133 



2. Of the propagation and growth of the herring and small-herring 143 



3. Of the herring's and small-herring's mode of life; its migrations, and the dependence of 



these latter on meteorologic an d hydrographic circumstances . . 147 



4. Of the herring-fisheries and thejr time and place............... „„..... j....^...... 150 



