FISHERIES AND SEAL-HUNTING. 59 



not far from the mouth of the Ural, weighing 70 "pouds," (2,520 pounds,) 

 and containing 25 " pouds" (900 pounds) of roe. In 1S13, one was caught 

 in the Volga, near Saratow, weighing 80 "ponds," (2,880 pounds,) and 

 containing 10 " pouds" (376 pounds) of roe. In 1843, one of GO " pouds " 

 (2,160 pounds) was caught; and, in 1819, one of 40 "pouds," (1,440 

 pounds,) measuring 2 " sagenes" (14 feet) in length. In 1854, a sturgeon 

 was caught near Kazan and Nijni-Novgorod, weighing 60 "pouds," 

 (2,160 pounds,) whose head alone weighed 17 "pouds," (612 pounds;) 

 and another weighing 53 "pouds," (1,908 pounds.) In 1871, a " belouga" 

 weighing 63 "pouds" (2,268 pounds) was caught near Derbent at a 

 depth of 130 " sagenes," (910 feet.) 



2. "Osetre," (Acipenser Guldensicidtii.) Its average weight is 30 

 pounds ; but many are caught in the Volga measuring from 4 to 6 feet, 

 and weighing from 1 to 3 " pouds," (36 to 108 pounds,) sometimes weigh- 

 ing even 5 "pouds," (180 pounds,) and measuring from 6 to 9 feet in 

 length. This fish is exceedingly prolific. M. Baer, a member of the 

 academy, has found 600,000 eggs in one large-sized fish, and 200,000 in 

 a medium -sized one. 



3. " Sevriouga," (Acipenser stellatus.) Average weight, 15 pounds. 

 It is caught in enormous quantities in the Koura, most of them weigh- 

 ing about 1 " poud," (36 pounds.) 



4. "Chyp," (Acipenser Scliypa.) In the Ural. Weight, 1£ "pouds," (54 

 pounds.) 



5. " Sterliad," (Acipenser ruthenus,) sterlet. Two feet long ; weight, 

 from 15 to 20 pounds. 



6. "Som," (Silurus glanis,) Wels; sheat-fish. Length, from 3 to 6 feet; 

 weight, as much as 6 " pouds," (216 pounds.) It is very common in the 

 Koura, where it sometimes attains a weight of 8 "pouds," (2S8 pounds,) 

 and a length of 1£ "sagenes," (10J feet.)* 



7. " Belorybitsa," the "nelnia" of the northern rivers, (Coregonus leu- 

 cicMliys, Giildenst.,) an excellent fish, also known as the white Siberian 

 salmon, is found in the Volga, rarely in the Ural, and not at all in the 

 Terek and Koura. It weighs from 12 to 17 pounds, sometimes as much 

 as 30 pounds, and measures 3 feet in length. 



8. " Lososs," (Salmo solar,) salmon. Is common in the Terek and 

 the Koura, very rare in the Volga, and never found in the Ural. 



9. " Chemaya," (Aspius clupeoides, Pall.) Is only found in the Koura 

 and the Terek. 



10. " Saz&ne," {Cypnnus carpio, L.,) carp. In the Caspian Sea and 

 near the mouths of the Volga. Often from 3 to 4 feet long, and weigh- 

 ing from 40 to 50 pounds. Average weight, from 10 to 17 pounds. 



11. "Karass," (Carassius vulgaris,) crucian carp. Common in the 

 Volga. The largest are one foot long, and weigh 5 pounds. 



12. " Soudak," (Lucioperca sandra,) saudre. From 15 to 20 pounds. 



*This is the European representation of tbe fresh-water catfish or bull-heads of the 

 United States.— S. F. B. 



