FISHERIES AND SEAL-HUNTING. 



71 



permit costs 30 " roubles " ($21 gold) in the spring ; 20 " roubles " ($14 

 gold) in the autumn ; and 50 " roubles" ($35 gold) for the whole year; 

 in the second case, 70, 50, and 100 "roubles," ($19, $35, and $70 gold.) 

 The fishing implements must be placed parallel with the lines of buoys. 

 The rows of "palangres" are 22£ " sagenes" (117 J feet) apart, while the 

 space between the rows of boats must be 135 " sagenes," (915 feet.) On 

 an average, there are 5,100 fishermen, with 1,700 boats, employed 

 annually in the fisheries among the buoys of the Volga. 



Table of income from the government fisheries during the years 1867-1872. 



The taxes on seal oil are paid by persons who buy the seals from 

 the huntsmen as soon as these have returned from the sea to the 

 mouths of the Volga. The taxes are paid as soon as the huntsman has 

 sold his seals, or at the time when the buyer, after having notified the 

 fishing-administration, gets ready to ship the casks of seal-oil. The 

 tax is 30 " kopecks " (21 cents) for each " poud " (36 pounds) of seal-fat 

 or seal-skins ; and 40 "kopecks" (28 cents) for each "poud" (30 pounds) 

 of oil. 



Table showing quantities of oil and slcins registered at the offices of the administration of 



fisheries. 



Years. 



1867 



1608 

 1869 



1870 

 1871 

 1672 



Oil. 



Russian weight. 



93, 395 " pouds " 15 pounds 

 104, 161 " ponds " 5 pounds 

 81, 979 " pouds " 30 pounds 

 76, 790 " pouds "15 pounds 

 59, 154 " pouds " 25 pounds 

 102,874 "pouds" 



American 

 weight. 



Pounds. 

 3, 362, 235 

 3, 749, 801 

 2, 951, 274 



2, 836, 455 

 2, 129, 569 



3, 703, 464 



Skins. 



Xumher. 



131, 723 

 150, 947 

 128, 701 

 137, 030 

 90, 468 

 156, 759 



Russian 

 weight. 



American 

 weight. 



'Pouds." 

 12, 667 

 14. 7rli 

 11,915 



12, 674 

 8,454 



13, 092 



Pounds. 

 450, 012 

 532, 2110 

 428, 940 

 440, 204 

 304, 344 

 492, 912 



Whoever introduces dead seals as contraband articles, or clandes- 

 tinely sells or buys them, pays a fine triple the amount of the tax on 

 seal-oil. 



The fishing-regulations also imxiose fines for illicit fishing in the sea. 



