REPORT ON THE CRINOIDEA. 273 



1852. Pentacrinus, Forbes, Monograph of the Echinodermata of the British Tertiaries, p. 33. 



1852. Cainocrinus, Forbes, Ihid., p. 34. 



1857. Pentacrinus, Pictet, Trait6 de PaMontologie, 2°" 6d., Paris, 1857, t. iv. p. 342. 



1857. Isocrinus, Pictet, Ibid., p. 344. 



1857. Comatida (pars), Pictet, Ibid:, p. 288. 



1862. Pentacrinus, Dujardiu and Hup(5, Hist. Nat. des Zoophytes, fchinodermes, Paris, 1862, p. 179. 



1864. Cenocrinus, Wyv. Thorns., The Intellectual Observer, August 1864, p. 3. 



1864. Neocrinus, Wyv. Thorns., Ibid., p. 7. 



1864. Pentacrinus, Liitken, Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den natuihistoriske Forening i Kjobenhavn, 1864, 



Nr. 13-16, p. 207. 

 1872. Pentacrinus, Wyv. Thorns., Proo. Roy. Soc. Ediu., vol. vii. p. 765; and The Dej)ths of the Sea, 



p. 435. 



1875. Picteticrinus, do Loriol, Monographie Paleontologique et G^ologique des Etages Superieurs de la forma- 



tion Jurassique des Environs de Boulogne-sur-Mer, 2"'° partie, p. 297. 



1876. Pentacrinus, Quenstedt, Petrefactenkunde Deutschlands, Bd. iv. ; Asteriden und Encriniden, p. 186. 

 1879. Pentacrinus, de Loriol, Monographie des Crinoides fossiles de la Suisse, p. 114. 



1879. Cainocrinus, de Loriol, Ibid., p. 111. 



1879. Pentacrinus, Zittel, Handbuch der Palseontologie, PaliBozoologie, Miinchen und Leipzig, 1876-1880, 



Bd. i. p. 393. 



1880. Pentacrinus, P. H. Carpenter, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Zool.), vol xv. p. 210. 

 1882. Pentacrinus, P. H. Carpenter, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. x. p. 167. 



1884. Pentacrinus, P. H. Carpenter, Proc. Roy. Soc. Ediu., vol. xii. p. 355. 



A. CJiaracters of the Gemis.- 



The petaloid sectors on the faces of the stem-joints are bordered by a few large 

 ridges, of which the smaller proximal ones meet those of adjacent sectors in the inter- 

 petaloid spaces, while the large distal ridges reach the outer edge of the joint. The 

 supranodal joints are scarcely modified for the cirrus-sockets, and the articular facets 

 rarely reach the upper edges of the nodal joints.^ The cirri consist of from twenty to 

 fifty joints, and vary considerably both in length and in appearance. 



The basals may be very small knobs, or form a complete ring, and have but a slight 

 tendency to downward extensions of their lower angles. There are never more than 

 three radials, none of which bear pinnules. 



Tlie rays may divide five times, but rarely more than thrice ; and their subdivisions 

 are equal in value or nearly so. The basal joints of the lower pinnules are usually 

 rather broad and flattened laterally, with sharp dorsal edges. 



Remarks. — The genus Pentacrinus is generally, and with good reason, attributed to 

 Miller. But a few authors have associated with it the name of von Schlotheim." It is 

 true that this able palaeontologist used Pentacrinites as a generic name a year before the 

 publication of Miller's classical monograph ; but he made no attempt to define it as MiUer 

 did, nor did he give diagnoses of any of the species which he referred to the genus. In 



' In several fossil species, however, the ciiTus-facets take up the whole height of the nodal joints. 

 2 Die Petrefactenkunde, Gotha, 1820, p. 327. 

 (zool. chall. EXP. — PART xsxu. — 1884.) li 35 



