28 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



17G5. Stpv0m, Hans. 



Beskrivelse over Ti norske Insecter. F0rste Pr0ve. Skrifter som -udi de Ki0ben- 

 liavnske Selskab af Laerdoms og Videnskabers Elskere ere fremlagte og oplseste 

 i Aarene, 1761, 1762, 1763, og 1764. Niende Deel. Ki0benhavn. Aar 1765. 

 (PI. VIII. figs. 1-5.) 



On p. 588 he describes " Et Hummer-lignende Insect med runde haar paa Bag-fdderne. 

 Cancer macrourus articularis, manibus adactylis, femoribus posticis orbicularibus, spinis 

 caudse bifidis." One of its most remarkable peculiarities, lie says, is that it can hop half 

 an eU high from the ground (en halv Alen hoyt). He notices its likeness to the common 

 Marflue, or so-caUed Pulex cancriformis, but for the latter he gives seven good distinguish- 

 ing characteristics, showing that he clearly understands the difference between his own 

 species, which is Orchestia gammarellus, and the Gammarus locusta, which Linnseus describes 

 as Cancer macrourus rufescens thorace artieulato, Fn. Sv., § 1253. Of this Pulex cancri- 

 formis he observes, "Linnoous gives a second species, but nevertheless gives both one and 

 the same name, as may be seen Syst. Nat. pag. 633 and 634 ; and though he gives a fresh 

 description of each separately in his 01andska Resa pag. 42 and 260, still it seems to me 

 that both descriptions refer to one and the same. At any rate neither of them suits the 

 insect here described." He notices that his own Pulex cancriformis, antennis brevissimis, 

 carper e latiore, from S0ndmor, is a third species, distinct from the hopper and from the 

 Linnean species. 



1765. Baster, Job. 



Opuscula. Tom. II. Liber 3. 

 Natuurkundige Uitspanningen, &c. 



On p. 155 (139) Baster remarks, that there is a creature which is called "Wal vis-Luis," whale- 

 louse, very different from the other fish lice, and which seems to him also to be a different 

 creature from that described and figured under this name by Friderich Martens. Yet 

 Linnaeus, he says, Syst. Nat., p. 636, deems it the same, placing it among the Onisci, among 

 ■which Baster thinks it cannot stand, since they have fourteen feet, while this animal, which 

 Gronovius calls Poli/c/onopus, has only eight. According to Liitken, 1873, Baster here 

 described, and on pi. xii., figured Pycno(j07ium littorale, supposing it to be Martens' whale- 

 louse, and so misled Linnreus (see Note 1767); out Linnjeus in 1767 and Pallas in 1766 

 must have misunderstood Easter's accurate statements. Baster further points out that in 

 Houttyn's Natural History, I. Deels 3. Stuk, p. 457, there is mention made of a Walvis- 

 Luis which is in reality a Balanus. 



1766. Pallas, Peter Simon, born 1741, died 1811 (Biographic Universelle). 



Miscellanea zoologica. Quibus novse imprimis atque obscurse animalium 



species describuntur et ohservationibus iconihusque illustrantur. Hagse Comitum, 



M.DCC.LXVI. pp. 190-194. Tab. XIV. 



On page 189 he notices that his Acarus marinus seu Polygonopus, the Pycnogonum of Briinnich, 

 is very different from the Pediculus ceti of ^Martens, which, he says, should properly be 

 reckoned with the Onisci. "Non inteUigo cur eel. Basterus Linnaeum reprehendat, Pedicu- 

 lum Ceti Martensianum Oniscis adnumerantem." 



