30 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



affinis," wliich, together with No. 85, Cancer filiformis, Boeck considers to represent 

 Caprella lohata. Mayer's opinion as to Nos. 83, 84, 85 is that the descriptions 

 given by Linnaeus are practically worthless, that the reference to Martens is useless, 

 since his species also is quite indefinite, so that, though he inclines to take Easter's 

 minim animcdculum in corallinis as equivalent to the modern Caprella linearis, he 

 only retains the latter name with the addition of " Bate " as an authority, because the so- 

 named species has been commonly employed as type of the genus. 



At page 1059 is given the definition of " Oniscus. PedesXTY. Antennxs&iaa^te. Corpus ovale." 

 On page 1060 the following Amphipods are referred to this genus : — 



" Ceti. 6. O. ovalis ; segmentis distinctis, pedibus tertii quartique paris linearibus ovaticis. Mus. 

 Ad. Fn. 1. p. 89. Fn. svee. 2056. 



" Habitat in Balsenis, distinguendiis a Phalangi'o Balxnarum, simili. 



" 2 caudatus. 8. O. semicylindricus, caudis duabus longitudine corporis, Fn. svee. 2062. 



" Habitat in 0. Norvegico." 



Thus 0?!?'6T!(s' crft appears with the same definition as in the Fauna Suecica, 1761, with the slight 

 change of ovaticis for nndieis, probably by a misprint, but Liitkeu points out that the 

 reference to Martens is now omitted, while his whale-louse is now made a synonym of 

 Phalangium balxnarum (Briinnich's Pycnogonum), introducing a confusion that was not for 

 a long time to be thoroughly disperse*!. The Oniscus bicaudatus had been identified by 

 Pallas in the previous year, 1766, with the Astaeus midicus of Gronovius, which 

 Linnaeus here calls Cancer grossipes, but the suggestion may have come too late to be 

 available for the present edition of the Systema Naturae. 



1768. Adelung, Johann Christoph., born 1734, died about 1806 (Biograpliie Universelle). 



Geschichte der Scliiffahrten und Versucbe welche zur Entdeckung des Nordost- 

 liclien Weges nacli Japan und China von verscliiedenen Nationen unternommen 

 wordeu. Zum Behufe der Erdbeschreibung und Naturgeschichte dieser Gegenden. 

 Halle, 1768. 



In a note to page 320, Adelung states that Fr. Martens made his journey to Spitzbergen "als 

 SchifFsbarbier auf einem hamburgische Schiffe." The two first plates of Martens' work he 

 does not consider worth reproducing, but all the rest of it, both figures and text, he gives in 



J2 . Walfischlaus 



5 Gar^ nell 



Fig. 11. Fig. 12. 



full, ouly polishing and modernising the language. To some of the figures also he seems to 

 have thought it necessary to give a little extra finish. It has been already mentioned that 

 he apportions Martens' fig. /. to Der GarueU, reproducing it as fig. 5 on Taf. xvii. in his own 

 work, without any explanation of the inconsistency between the figure and the description. 

 How highly j\Iartens' book was valued may be inferred from Adelimg's notice that " in the 

 year 1685 a Dutch translation aj)peared at Amsterdam; an English one is to be found in 



