74 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



1803-Bosc and Lateeille. 

 1804. 



Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire naturelle, appliquee aux arts, principalement 

 a I'agriculture et a reconomie rurale et domestique. Par une Societe de naturalistes 

 et d'agriculteurs, avec des figures tirees des trois regnes de la nature. Paris, 1 BOR- 

 IS 04. (Twenty- four volumes). 



In this work the Crustacea are deserihed by Bosc, who, it is said, merely repeats what had 

 abeady appeared in his Histoire naturelle des Crustaces. Desmarest says that " Latreille a 

 insert dans le dernier volume un tableau methodique de ces animaux." The work must 

 not be confounded with the so-called new edition in thirty-six volumes, Paris, 1816-1819, 

 for which the Crustacea were described by Latreille. 



1804. Montagu, George, born 1751, died 1815 (W. Pengelly, e Biblio. Cornub.). 



Description of several Marine Animals found on the South Coast of Devonshire. 

 By George Montagu, Esq., F.L.S. Eead December 7, 1802. The Transactions of 

 the Linnean Society of London. Volume vii. London, mdccciv., pp. 61-85, 

 Pis. vi., vii. 



In this paper three Amphipods are described : — 



" Cancee Phasma. Tab. vi. Fig. 3. Cancer linearis, Linn. Syst. i). 1056, Gmelin Syst. p. 2992. 

 Bast. Op. Subs. I, p. 32, t. 4,/. 11. Tierton Linn. in. p. 761. Oniscus scolopendroides. 

 Pall Spic. Zool. 9. t. 4./. 15. Cancer atomos. Linn. Syst. p. 1056. Gmel. Syst. p. 2992. 

 Brit. Zool. iv. t. 12, /. 32. Turt. Linn. iii. p>. 761." Montagu thought he had good 

 reason for uniting the species mentioned in the synonymy with his Cancer phasma, but 

 nevertheless thought it well to retain the new specific name to prevent further confusion. 

 This species was named Astacus phasma by Pennant in 1812, referred to CapreUa by 

 Leach in 1814, and to Protella by Spence Bate in 1862, where it still stands (see Mayer, 

 Caprell, p. 29) at the head of a long list of synonyms, though one quite different from 

 Montagu's list. His imperfect description is as follows: — "With a slender body of six 

 joints, independent of the head : on the first joint are two spines, a third on the fore part 

 of the second joint, and a fourth on the head, all pointing forwards : the rest of the body 

 smooth : antennae four, the upper pair nearly as long as the body ; lower pair half that 

 length, and the extreme joint of each pectinated with bristles: eyes fixed, reticulated, 

 usually of a reddish colour : close to the mouth are two very short palpi, or feelers, with 

 hooked claws ; behind these are two others much longer, armed with single moveable fangs : 

 on the first joint of the body are two long arms, with very large oblong oval hands, 

 furnished with a strong spine on the inside, and a long moveable fang, which is capable of 

 closing upon the spine, in order to secure its prey : the front of the hand in some is also 

 narrowed and elongated into a spine ; the second and third joints of the body are each 

 provided with a pair of flat oval fins ; the three posterior joints are each furnished with a 

 pair of long slender legs, with a single hooked claw ; the hindmost are the longest, and 

 originate from the extremity of the body, the animal being destitute of tail. Length rarely 

 exceeds three-quarters of an inch, and seldom so much : colour various, sometimes red, but 

 more commonly pellucid olive green. The female differs in possessing several plates or valves 

 beneath the body, situated between the two pairs of fins : the office of these is to carry and 

 protect its eggs or young, at which time they extend very considerably, and form a kind of 

 pouch. We have seen this receptacle distended with ova, from fifteen to twenty, readily dis- 

 tinguished through the transparent plates. In this part a very strong pulsation is observable." 



