82 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGEE. 



1811. Stewart, Charles. 



List of Insects found in the Neighbourhood of Edinburgh. Memoirs of the 

 Wernerian Natural History Society, vol. i. For the years 1808-9-10. Edinburgh, 

 1811. Pp. 566-577. 



Among the Aptera, under the genus Cancer, he gives the names Gammarus, Pulex, and Loeusta, 

 Cancer gammarus of Liunreus, it should be remembered, is not an Amphipod. 



1812. Thomas Pennant. 



British Zoology, a new edition. In four volumes. Vol. iv. Class v., Crustacea, 

 vi. Vermes. London, 1812. 



He here adds to his Asiacus linearis the reference " Herbst. Cane. ii. 142. t. 26. f. 9. A. 10. B." 

 Astacus atomos is now csMed^ Astacus phasma or Phantom Lobster. The figure is on pi. xiii. 

 2. Astacus loeusta now has the references " C. loeusta, Gm. Lin. 2992." "Faun. Suec. 

 2042." " Oniscus gammarellus. Pallas Misc. Zool. t. 14. f. 25." " Linn. Trans, ix. 92. 

 tab. 4. fig. 1." Additional references are given for Astacus pulcx. Astacus saltator appears 

 with references to " C. saltator. Linn. Tr. ix. 94. t. 4. f . 3." "Oniscus loeusta. Pallas Misc. 

 ZooL t. 14. f. 15." "Koesel Insect, iii. tab. 62." "C. loeusta. Br. Zool. iv. 21." "Herbst. 

 Cane. ii. 127. t. 36. f. i." Under the generic name of Astacus, Montagu's species littoreus, 

 grossimanus, rubricatus, falcatus, iMlmatus, are given from the "Linn. Tr. ix. 91-100," 

 and articulosus from "Linn. Tr. vii. 70," whence in reality pal matus also comes. On p. 40, 

 Oniscus testudo, Montagu, is given. It is clear that for his fresh references, as weU as for 

 the new species. Pennant is indebted to Montagu's papers. 



1813. Montagu, George, 



Descriptions of several new or rare Animals, principally marine, discovered on 

 the South Coast of Devonshire. Transactions of the Linnean Society. Vol. xi. First 

 Part. MDCCCXiii. Pp. 1-26, pis. i. -v. Read April 7, 1807. (The bound volume is 

 dated 1815, but the separate first part as above.) 



On page 3 Montagu gives "Cancer Gamhiartjs spinosus. Tab. II. fig. 1," which Leach afterwards 

 called Dexamine spinosa. He hints that Turton's briefly described Cancer gammarus earino- 

 spinosus may be the same species, but] this is decided by Bate and Westwood to be Atylus 

 carinatus, Fabr. 



On page 4 is given "Cancer Gammakus galea. Tab. II. fig. 2. Body ovate, somewhat elongated 

 at the tail, smooth, glossy, and wlien alive of an olive-green minutely speckled with brown, 

 but by drying becomes rufous-brown; antenna3 of the male remarkably short; in the female 

 two pairs extremely long and slender, nearly equal to the length of the body ; joints of the 

 body, independent of the head, and the joint to which the caudal fins are attached, eleven ; 

 the head is large, and much resembles that of a maggot, and in the male appears to have 

 no division between the eyes, but a continuation of the same transparent membrane covers 

 the whole ; the eyes of the female are very large, but distinctly marked by a division ; the 

 two pairs of anterior legs, like those of C. sjnnosus, are small, and not subcheliferous, 

 but occupy the place of arms, and scarcely differing in any respect from the other five pairs, 

 all of which are furnished with a very small claw ; abdominal fins three pairs ; caudal fins 



