REPORT ON THE AMPHIPODA. 87 



181-1. Rafinesque-Sghmaltz, Constantin Samuel, born 1783, died 1840 (Hageu). 



Precis des decouvertes et travaux Somiologiques entre 1800 et 1801, ou choix 

 des principales decouvertes en zoologie, et eu botauique. Palerme, 1814. 



Somiologie is explained by this eccentric author to mean " la Science des Corps vivans," apply- 

 ing both to botany and zoology, to each of which he assigns ten classes, which he sets one 

 over against the other. The Crustacea are placed in the fifth class, the Plaxolia, in which 

 he had observed about ISO species, nearly half of them, new, to be described and figured in 

 his Plaxologie Sicilienne. He describes a new genus Pisitoe : — " Antennes nulles, yeux 

 irr^guliers, bouche sous la tete, recourb(5e posterieurement, munio de crochets ; Corps a 

 6 articles et 6 paires de jambes in^gales, la quatrifeme paire la plus grande, queue k 4 articles, 

 las 3 anterieurs h, appendices. — Obs. II appartient k I'ordre Brangasteria, et famille Phronimia, 

 il ditfere particuliferement du G. Phronima par son moindre nombre de jambes," with the 

 species, " Pisitoe hispinosa, Front a deux epines anterieurement, les trois premieres paires 

 de pattes k un seul ongle," and " Pisitoe levifrons. Front lisse, sans Opines, les trois 

 premieres paires de pattes a deux ongles." Boeck thinks that this genus may be the same 

 as Phrosina, Eisso. Costa makes Pisitoe levifrons a synonym of Phronima sedentaria, and 

 regards Pisitoe hispinosa as equivalent to Eisso's Phrosine semilunata, though apparently 

 not thinking it right to displace Eisso's name in favour of Eafinesque's inaccurately described 

 genus and species. 



1815. TiLESius VON TiLENAP, WiLHELM GoTTLOB, boru 1769, died 1857 (Hagen). 



De Cancris Camtschaticis, Oniscis, Entomostracis et Cancellis marinis micro- 

 scopicis noctilucentibus. Cum tabulis iv. seneis et appendice adnexo de Acaris et 

 Ricinis Camtschaticis. Auctore Tilesio. Conventui exliibuit die 3 Februarii 1813. 

 Memoires de TAcademie Imperiale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg. Tom. 5. St 

 Petersbourg, 1815, pp. 331-405. 



This author divides the Crustacea into three orders — 1°) Entomostraca, "2°) Astacoidea, 

 quorum corpus et cauda elongata et crusta calcarea obtectum est," 3°) Careinoidea sen 

 Brachiuii. A note to the Astacoidea says, " Palinurus, Astacus, Hippa, Squilla, Gammarus 

 Palsemon Crago Penaeus et plura genera ad formandam familiam Astacoideorum microsco- 

 picorum vel Arthrocephalorum DumeriUii ad maximam partem noctilucentium marinorum 

 subjungenda, v. g. Caprella Lamarkii, Mysis Latreillii ejusque Phronime vel Cancer 

 sedentarius Forskfilii, Thalitrus Latreillii, Amblyrrhyncotus vel obtusirostris, Erythro- 

 cephalus, Acanthocephalus, Anarthrus, Symphysopus et alii, quorum sermo erit in 

 Sectione VIII. de Entomostracis inscripta." 



At page 369, section IX. is devoted to the Onisci, in regard to which he prefers the views of 

 Pallas to those of Linnajus. He gives a description of " Oniscrn scolopendroidos, Pallas, 

 spicil. Zool. fasc. IX. tab. 4, fig. 15. Martens, Spitzb. t. P. f. 1. a.hx. Longitudo digiti 

 transversi, rarissime pollicaris. Corpus filiforme varicosum, septem articulorum, e quibus 

 posteriores sensim minores. Antennae majores dimidia corporis longitudine, intermediae 

 sub majoribus dimijio breviores, esiliores. Palpi ad os exiles et prope os bracbiola 

 niinuta chelifera, qui primum par etficiimt pedum. AA finem articuli secundi pnelongi 

 brachia duo insignia chelis magnis ventricosis instructa. In tertio et quarto articulo 

 utrinque vesicula ovata loco pedimi, et in fffioiellis ovariorum receptacula foliacea. Articuli 

 posteriores pedibus ambulatoriis instruct! in postremo articulo longioribus parva chtla 



