204 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



1843. Eathke, M. H. 



Beitrage zur Fauna Norwegens. Mit 12 Kupfertafeln. Besonderer Abdruck 

 aus den Verhandlungen der kaiserl. Leopoklinisch-Carolinischen Akademie der 

 Natiuforscher. Band XX. Abtk. I. Breskxu. 1843. (Ampkipoda. pp. 63-98. 

 PI. III. IV.) 



On pages GO-63, Ratiike describes Lirinjie pygmxa as type of a new Amphipod genus. The 

 name Liriope Lad been already used for a genus of Medusas by Lesson, and Dana recognisc(l 

 that the creatures described by Eathke were not Amphipods. A full account is given iii 

 the British Sessile Eyed Crustaceans, vol. ii. pp. 257, etc., of what is known of these strange 

 animals, and of the nomenclature, under the genus Cri/ptotJnria, among the Bopyridse. 



Of the genuine Amphipods, Eathke's Gammarus anomalus n. sp. (Tab. IV. Fig. 7.) is by Spence 

 Bate and Boeck named Microdeiitopus anomalus. Gamwarus sundevdllii n. sp. (Tab. III. 

 Fig. 2.) was redescribed by Bate and Westwood as " Liljehorgia Shetlandica," by myself 

 as " Liljehorgia Norma^mi," and by Hoek as Cheirocratus hrevicornig, its name finally beinf; 

 CJieirocratiis sundefallii. Gammarus pa>ciliinis n. sp. (Tab. IV. Fig. 2.) and Gammarm 

 kruyeri n. sp. (Tab. IV. Fig. 1.) are alike identified with Gammarus marinus, Leacb, both 

 by Sp. Bate and Boeck. Of Gammarus sahini, Leach, Eathke gives a new description in 

 order to distinguish it from his own nearly-related species, Amafhia rarinata, from theCrimen, 

 and Gam.marus angulosus, n. sp. (Tab. III. Fig. 3.) from Norway. Nevertheless, it is not 

 an absolutely untenable opinion that these three species are in reality identical. That his 

 Gammarus angulosus is not the young of Gammarus sahini, Eathke tliinks is proved by 

 two circumstances, first, that he had seen several specimens of it with eggs, and secondly, 

 that the young of Gammarus sahi/ii of the same size (4 to 41- lines) have already the same 

 shape as the old. But the female may be very much smaller than the male, as in Melifa 

 jKdmata and other species, and Eathke's observation as to the young of Gammarus sahini 

 does not agree with the experience of some other observers. Bate and AVestwood unite 

 Gammarus angulosus with Amathillasahiiii, and would do the same to Amathia carinata, 

 but for the (insufficient) reason that Eathke himself says that it is different. 



Eathke's Gammarus zehra n. sp. (Tab. III. Fig. 4.) is identified by Spence Bate with the female 

 of Podocerus rijlindricus, Say, which Boeck accepts as a synonym only with a ?, placing the 

 species under Podocerus (Ischyrocerus) anguipes of Kr0yer. Ampihilhoe icnuicornis, n. sp. 

 (Tab. IV. Fig. 3.), is named Dexamine tenuicornis by Spence Bate, who notices the impro- 

 bability of Eathke's statement that the species has no telson, and observes that "certainly 

 Eathke's tenuicornis is very closely allied to, if not identical with ^Montagu's spinosiis." Of 

 the latter species Boeck makes it a synonym. Amphithoe podoceroides, n. sp. (Tab. IV. Fig, 

 4.) which Sp. Bate transferred to his genus Stmamphithoe, is retransferred by Boeck to 

 Amphithoe and made to supersede Amphithoe littorina, Sp. Bate. In my opinion Cancer 

 Gammarus ruhricatus, Montagu, is the same as Ampihithoe littorina, in which case the name 

 will stand as Ampliithoe ruhricata. Amphithoe 2»'evostii,'M. Edwards? (Tab. TV. Fig. 5), is 

 said to have no telson. At p. 264c it is established as a distinct species, with the name, 

 "Amphithoe Nilssonii "; it has already been discussed in the note on Eathke's earlier work, 

 1837. Ampihithoe norvegica, n. sp. (Tab. IV. Fig. 6.), is now placed in the genus Calliopius (see 

 Sp. Bate and A. Boeck). Of the new genus Iphimcdia, the following definition is given : — 

 " Antennae superiores inferioribus breviores : illarum pedunculus e tribus, harum e quatuor 

 articulis compositus : omnium flagellum tenue, multiarticulatum. Pedes secumli paris 

 manibus simplicibus, primi paris, illis minores, chelis instructi, quarum poUex ex uno tantum 

 articulo constat : reliqui pedes lis Gammarorum similes. Pedes spurii in duos ramos plus 

 minusve complanatos divisi." Spence Bate objects to this definition that the hands of the 



